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Psalm 72 is the 72nd psalm of the Book of Psalms, beginning in English in the King James Version: "Give the king thy judgments, O God, and thy righteousness unto the king's son". In the slightly different numbering system used in the Greek Septuagint and Latin Vulgate translations of the Bible, this psalm is Psalm 71. In Latin, it is known as "Deus iudicium tuum regi da". Traditionally seen as being written by King Solomon, its heading may be translated 'to or for Solomon'.
The psalm forms a regular part of Jewish, Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican and other Protestant liturgies. It has been set to music.




Text






= Hebrew

=
The following table shows the Hebrew text of the Psalm with vowels alongside an English translation based upon the JPS 1917 translation (now in the public domain).




= King James Version

=
Give the king thy judgments, O God, and thy righteousness unto the king's son.
He shall judge thy people with righteousness, and thy poor with judgment.
The mountains shall bring peace to the people, and the little hills, by righteousness.
He shall judge the poor of the people, he shall save the children of the needy, and shall break in pieces the oppressor.
They shall fear thee as long as the sun and moon endure, throughout all generations.
He shall come down like rain upon the mown grass: as showers that water the earth.
In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth.
He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth.
They that dwell in the wilderness shall bow before him; and his enemies shall lick the dust.
The kings of Tarshish and of the isles shall bring presents: the kings of Sheba and Seba shall offer gifts.
Yea, all kings shall fall down before him: all nations shall serve him.
For he shall deliver the needy when he crieth; the poor also, and him that hath no helper.
He shall spare the poor and needy, and shall save the souls of the needy.
He shall redeem their soul from deceit and violence: and precious shall their blood be in his sight.
And he shall live, and to him shall be given of the gold of Sheba: prayer also shall be made for him continually; and daily shall he be praised.
There shall be an handful of corn in the earth upon the top of the mountains; the fruit thereof shall shake like Lebanon: and they of the city shall flourish like grass of the earth.
His name shall endure for ever: his name shall be continued as long as the sun: and men shall be blessed in him: all nations shall call him blessed.
Blessed be the LORD God, the God of Israel, who only doeth wondrous things.
And blessed be his glorious name for ever: and let the whole earth be filled with his glory; Amen, and Amen.
The prayers of David the son of Jesse are ended.




Heading


Lutheran theologian John Brug writes "The heading of Psalm 72 is 'Of Solomon'. This may also be translated 'to or for Solomon'. For this reason some commentators regard this as a Psalm written by David to express his hope for Solomon." Joseph Benson calls it "a psalm for Solomon" and associates it with the anointing of Solomon as king while David was still living, as recorded in 1 Kings 1:39–43.




Analysis


Some commentators see David's prayers as fulfilled in some sense in the reign of Solomon: a temple will be built and there will be great peace and prosperity; yet the language is larger than Solomon. "The whole earth is filled with his glory" (verse 19) is like the angel speaking from Isaiah 6. Matthew Henry sees this fulfillment in some ways in the reign of Solomon but even more in a greater than Solomon to come: "the psalm belongs to Solomon in part, but to Christ more fully and clearly".




Uses






= Judaism

=
Verses 18–19 are the third and fourth verses of Baruch Hashem L'Olam in Pesukei Dezimra and Baruch Hashem L'Olam during Maariv.




= New Testament

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In the New Testament, verse 18 is quoted in Luke 1:68.




= Christianity

=
The hymn "Jesus shall reign where'er the sun" is a lyrical adaptation of Psalm 72 written by Isaac Watts.
Lutherans use this Psalm to celebrate Epiphany every year and Pentecost 14 of the Inter-Lutheran Commission on Worship's year C. In the Church of England's Book of Common Prayer, this psalm is appointed to be read on the morning of the 14th day of the month.




= Canadian National Motto

=
The national motto of Canada, A Mari Usque Ad Mare, comes from Psalm 72:8:

He shall have dominion also from sea to sea, and from the river unto the ends of the earth.




Musical settings


"Reges Tharsis", set to music as a motet by a large number of composers, uses words beginning at verse 10. Heinrich Schütz set Psalm 72 in a metred version in German, "Gott, gib dem König auserkorn", SWV 169, as part of the Becker Psalter, first published in 1628.




References






External links



Pieces with text from Psalm 72: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
Psalm 72: Free scores at the Choral Public Domain Library (ChoralWiki)
Psalm 72 in Hebrew and English, Mechon-mamre
Text of Psalm 72 according to the 1928 Psalter
O God, give your judgment to the king; your justice to the king’s son (text and footnotes) United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
Psalm 72 – The King and the King of Kings (text and detailed commentary) enduringword.com
Psalm 72:1 (introduction and text) Bible study tools
Psalm 72 / Refrain: The Lord is king; let the earth rejoice. Church of England
Psalm 72 Bible gateway
Charles H. Spurgeon: Psalm 72 (commentary) spurgeon.org
Hymns for Psalm 72 hymnary.org

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• Psalm 72 NIV - Of Solomon. Endow the king with your - Bible …
• Psalm 72 KJV - Give the king thy judgments, O God, and - Bible …
• Psalm 72 ESV - Give the King Your Justice - Of - Bible Gateway
• Psalm 72 NKJV - Glory and Universality of the - Bible Gateway
• Psalm 72 NLT - Psalm 72 - A psalm of Solomon. Give - Bible …
• Psalm 72 AMP - The Reign of the Righteous King. -A - Bible …
• Psalm 72 MSG - Give the gift of wise rule to the king ...
• Psalm 72-77 NIV - Of Solomon. Endow the king with your - Bible …
• Psalm 72 TLB - O God, help the king to judge as you - Bible …
• Psalm 72 NRSVUE - Psalm 72 Prayer for Guidance and - Bible …

Psalm 72 NIV - Of Solomon. Endow the king with your - Bible …

Psalm 72:5 Septuagint; Hebrew You will be feared; Psalm 72:8 That is, the Euphrates; Psalm 72:16 Probable reading of the original Hebrew text; Masoretic Text Lebanon, / from the city; Psalm 72:17 Or will use his name in blessings (see Gen. 48:20)

Psalm 72 KJV - Give the king thy judgments, O God, and - Bible …

72 Give the king thy judgments, O God, and thy righteousness unto the king's son. 2 He shall judge thy people with righteousness, and thy poor with judgment. 3 The mountains shall bring peace to the people, and the little hills, by righteousness.

Psalm 72 ESV - Give the King Your Justice - Of - Bible Gateway

72 Give the king your () justice, O God, and your righteousness to the royal son! 2 May he () judge your people with righteousness, and your poor with justice! 3 Let the mountains bear () prosperity for the people, and the hills, in righteousness! 4 May he defend the cause of the poor of the people, give deliverance to the children of the needy,

Psalm 72 NKJV - Glory and Universality of the - Bible Gateway

Glory and Universality of the Messiah’s Reign - A Psalm of Solomon. Give the king Your judgments, O God, And Your righteousness to the king’s Son. He will judge Your people with righteousness, And Your poor with justice. The mountains will bring peace to the people, And the little hills, by righteousness. He will bring justice to the poor of the people; He will save the …

Psalm 72 NLT - Psalm 72 - A psalm of Solomon. Give - Bible …

Psalm 72 - A psalm of Solomon. Give your love of justice to the king, O God, and righteousness to the king’s son. Help him judge your people in the right way; let the poor always be treated fairly.

Psalm 72 AMP - The Reign of the Righteous King. -A - Bible …

72 Give the king [knowledge of] Your judgments, O God, And [the spirit of] Your righteousness to the king’s son [to guide all his ways]. 2 May he judge Your people with righteousness, And Your afflicted with justice. 3 The mountains will bring peace and prosperity to the people, And the hills, in [the establishment of] righteousness. 4

Psalm 72 MSG - Give the gift of wise rule to the king ...

72 1-8 Give the gift of wise rule to the king, O God, the gift of just rule to the crown prince. May he judge your people rightly, be honorable to your meek and lowly. Let the mountains give exuberant witness; shape the hills with the contours of right living. Please stand up for the poor, help the children of the needy,

Psalm 72-77 NIV - Of Solomon. Endow the king with your - Bible …

Footnotes. Psalm 72:5 Septuagint; Hebrew You will be feared; Psalm 72:8 That is, the Euphrates; Psalm 72:16 Probable reading of the original Hebrew text; Masoretic Text Lebanon, / from the city; Psalm 72:17 Or will use his name in blessings (see Gen. 48:20); Psalm 73:4 With a different word division of the Hebrew; Masoretic Text struggles at their death; / their bodies are healthy

Psalm 72 TLB - O God, help the king to judge as you - Bible …

72 O God, help the king to judge as you would, and help his son to walk in godliness. 2 Help him to give justice to your people, even to the poor. 3 May the mountains and hills flourish in prosperity because of his good reign. 4 Help him to defend the poor and needy and to crush their oppressors. 5 May the poor and needy revere you constantly ...

Psalm 72 NRSVUE - Psalm 72 Prayer for Guidance and - Bible …

Psalm 72 Prayer for Guidance and Support for the King - Of Solomon. Give the king your justice, O God, and your righteousness to a king’s son. May he judge your people with righteousness and your poor ...