scuola grande di san rocco

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    The Scuola Grande di San Rocco is a building in Venice, northern Italy. It is noted for its collection of paintings by Tintoretto and generally agreed to include some of his finest work.


    History


    The building is the seat of a confraternity established in 1478, named after San Rocco, popularly regarded as a protector against plague. The members of the "Confraternity of St. Roch" were a group of wealthy Venetian citizens. The site they chose for their building is next to the church of San Rocco which houses the relics of the saint.
    In January 1515 the project of the building was entrusted to Bartolomeo Bon, although some authorities assign it to his son Pietro Bon. In 1524 his work was continued by Sante Lombardo, who, in turn, three years later was replaced by Antonio Scarpagnino. Following his death in 1549, the last architect to work on the edifice was Giangiacomo dei Grigi, finishing in September 1560.
    The design was similar to other scuole in Venice, characterized by two halls, one at ground floor level, the other at first floor level. The Sala Terra (lower) has a nave and two aisles, with the entrance from the campo outside. From this hall a stair (with a landing surmounted by a dome) led to the upper storey. The Sala Superiore ("Upper Hall") was used for meetings of the fellows and had a wooden altar. It provided access to the Sala dell'Albergo, which housed the Banca and the Zonta (the confraternity's supervisory boards).


    Art



    In 1564 the painter Tintoretto was commissioned to provide paintings for the Scuola, and his most renowned works are to be found in the Sala dell'Albergo and the Sala Superiore. All the works in the building are by him, or his assistants, including his son Domenico: they were executed between 1564 and 1587. Works in the sala terra are in homage to the Virgin Mary, and concentrate on episodes from her life. In the sala superiore, works on the ceiling are from the Old Testament, and on the walls from the New Testament. Together, they show the biblical story from Fall to Redemption.
    A sculpture of Tintoretto with his paintbrushes is featured, as well as a relief carved to look like a bookcase.
    Main works include:

    Sala Terrena (complete list)
    Annunciation
    Adoration of the Magi
    The Flight into Egypt
    The Slaughter of the Innocents
    Presentation in the Temple
    The Assumption of Mary
    St Mary Magdalen
    St Mary of Egypt
    Sala Superiore (ceiling)
    Adam and Eve
    Jacob's Ladder
    God Appears to Moses
    The Passover
    The Pillar of Fire
    The Fall of Manna in the Desert
    Moses Strikes Water from the Rock
    Miracle of the Bronze Serpent
    Elijah is Fed by the Angels
    Elisha Distributes Bread
    The Vision of the Prophet Ezekiel
    Sala Superiore (walls)
    The Adoration of the Shepherds
    The Baptism
    Christ Tempted by Satan
    Christ Heals the Paralytic
    Multiplication of Bread and Fishes
    The Resurrection of Lazarus
    The Last Supper
    The Agony in the Garden
    The Resurrection
    The Ascension
    Wooden: episodes of the Old Testament by Giuseppe Angeli
    Sala dell'Albergo
    Allegory of St. John's Guild
    Allegory of St. Mark's Guild
    Allegory of St. Theodore's Guild
    Allegory of the Charity Guild
    Allegory of the Misericordia (Mercy) Guild
    Christ Before Pilate
    Ecce Homo (The Crowning with Thorns)
    Ascent to Calvary
    The Crucifixion
    The Apotheosis of St. Roch
    Other works present include paintings by Titian and Palma il Giovane, and a series of wooden panels with allegorical figures in the Chapter house carved by Francesco Pianta between 1657 and 1658.


    Music


    In its heyday the scuola was an important patron of music, employing musicians such as Giovanni Gabrieli. Gabrieli took on the post of organist in addition to his work at St Mark's, and he composed music specifically for the location. A contemporary account of how the music impressed an English traveller was published in Coryat's Crudities (1611).
    In 1958 Stravinsky's Threni was premiered at the scuola with the composer conducting.


    Access and conservation


    The Scuola Grande is open daily all the year round, except for Christmas Day and January 1.
    The paintings were in need of conservation work, and have been restored by the World Monuments Fund.


    Gallery









































    Notes




    References


    Zenkert, Astrid. Tintoretto in der Scuola di San Rocco, Ensemble und Wirkung. T1918-4: Ernst Wasmuth Verlag.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
    ?Wittmann, Heiner (1996). Sartre und die Kunst. Die Porträtstudien von Tintoretto bis Flaubert. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag. ISBN 3-8233-5167-2.* Sdegno, Emma (2018). Looking at Tintoretto with John Ruskin. Marsilio Editore s.p.a. ISBN 978-88-317-9000-0.
    Chiari Moretti Wiel, Maria Agnese (2010). The Tesoro of Scuola Grande di San Rocco. Marsilio Editore s.p.a. ISBN 978-88-317-0719-0.
    Grosso, Maresel; Guidarelli, Gianmario (2019). Tintoretto and Architecture. Marsilio Editore s.p.a. ISBN 978-88-317-4383-9.


    External links



    Official website (in Italian and English)

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Homepage – Scuola Grande di San Rocco

The Scuola Grande di San Rocco is a lay confraternity founded in 1478. The popularity of the cult of St. Roch, whose remains had been in the possession of the brotherhood since 1485, …

Homepage - Scuola Grande di San Rocco

La Scuola Grande di san Rocco è una Confraternita di laici fondata nel 1478. La profonda venerazione popolare nei confronti di san Rocco, la cui reliquia era già in possesso della …

Information – Scuola Grande di San Rocco

The Scuola Grande is closed to the public until further notice. Church The Church is temporarily closed for restoration. Office Monday – Friday 10.00 – 12.30

Tintoretto – Scuola Grande di San Rocco

Before becoming indissolubly linked with the Scuola di San Rocco, where he worked for over twenty years (1564-c1588), Tintoretto had already made his name with a series of …

Scuola Grande – Scuola Grande di San Rocco

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Informazioni - Scuola Grande di San Rocco

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Chapter Room – Scuola Grande di San Rocco

It had remained without any permanent decoration for many years, and it was not until 1574 that the Scuola voted to proceed with the painting of the ceiling. On 2nd July 1575, Tintoretto …

Treasure – Scuola Grande di San Rocco

The Treasure is an integral part of the extraordinary artistic patrimony of the Scuola, and is now housed in the room constructed for it by Giorgio Fossati between 1770 and 1773.

Church – Scuola Grande di San Rocco

San Rocco is the only Venetian confraternity church also designed as a sacrarium for the remains of its titular saint. The body of St. Roch, preserved within the high altar, has been since its …

Not only Tintoretto – Scuola Grande di San Rocco

As well as Jacopo Tintoretto’s famous canvases, the Scuola holds a large number of important artworks, commissioned or bequeathed over its long history. Among the most important …