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    • Source: Speech Synthesis Markup Language

      • Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) is an XML-based markup language for speech synthesis applications. It is a recommendation of the W3C's Voice Browser Working Group. SSML is often embedded in VoiceXML scripts to drive interactive telephony systems. However, it also may be used alone, such as for creating audio books. For desktop applications, other markup languages are popular, including Apple's embedded speech commands, and Microsoft's SAPI Text to speech (TTS) markup, also an XML language. It is also used to produce sounds via Azure Cognitive Services' Text to Speech API or when writing third-party skills for Google Assistant or Amazon Alexa.
      SSML is based on the Java Speech Markup Language (JSML) developed by Sun Microsystems, although the current recommendation was developed mostly by speech synthesis vendors. It covers virtually all aspects of synthesis, although some areas have been left unspecified, so each vendor accepts a different variant of the language. Also, in the absence of markup, the synthesizer is expected to do its own interpretation of the text.


      Example


      Here is an example of an SSML document:


      Features


      SSML specifies a fair amount of markup for prosody, which is not included in the above example. This includes markup for

      pitch
      contour
      pitch range
      rate
      duration
      volume


      See also


      Pronunciation Lexicon Specification (PLS)
      Speech Recognition Grammar Specification (SRGS)
      Semantic Interpretation for Speech Recognition (SISR)
      SABLE speech synthesis markup language, intended to combine SSML, STML, and JSML


      References




      External links


      W3C SSML 1.1 Recommendation
      W3C SSML 1.0 Recommendation
      Introduction to SSML on XML.com

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