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Stateira (meninggal skt. 400 SM) merupakan putri Armenia sebagai anak dari Raja Vidarna dan mahapermaisuri Iran Akhemeniyah sebagai istri dari Artahsasta II. Dia juga ibu dari Artahsasta III. Stateira sangat dibenci oleh ibu mertuanya, Parysatis, lantaran mereka berdua sama-sama berusaha menjadi tokoh penting dalam memberi pengaruh pada raja diraja. Di sisi lain, Stateira populer di kalangan masyarakat lantaran membuka komunikasi dengan mereka.
Asteroid 831 Stateira dinamakan untuk menghormatinya.




Keluarga


Stateira adalah putri Vidarna (Hidarnes) III, Raja Armenia dari Dinasti Orontid yang berkuasa pada abad pertengahan ke-5 SM. Dia menikah dengan Artahsasta II, putra sulung Darius II dan Parysatis. Kakak Stateira, Terituchmes, menikah dengan Putri Amestris yang merupakan saudara Artahsasta II. Namun Terituchmes lebih menyukai salah satu saudari tirinya daripada Amestris dan mencoba melancarkan pemberontakan. Parysatis kemudian memerintahkan Terituchmes dan seluruh keluarganya dihukum mati. Namun atas permintaan Artahsasta, Stateira mendapat pengecualian.




Politik istana


Artahsasta II mengambil alih takhta Iran pada tahun 404 SM setelah kematian ayahandanya. Stateira tampaknya merupakan satu-satunya istri sahnya meski dia memiliki banyak selir. Stateira melahirkan seorang putra bernama Ochus yang kelak menjadi raja diraja Iran sepeninggal Artahsasta II dan mengambil nama takhta Artahsasta III. Baik Stateira maupun ibu mertuanya, mahaibusuri Parysatis, berusaha menjadi tokoh penting dalam memberi pengaruh pada raja diraja, sehingga keduanya terkunci dalam persaingan sengit.
Stateira sangat populer di kalangan orang-orang, karena dia membiarkan tirai terbuka saat ia mengendarai kereta kudanya dan menjalin komunikasi dengan orang biasa. Stateira mendukung suaminya saat terjadi perang saudara antara Artahsasta II dan saudaranya, Koresy. Koresy yang merupakan anak kesayangan Parysatis mendapat dukungan dari ibunya dalam pertikaian dua bersaudara ini. Stateira mencela Parysatis atas dukungannya pada Koresy. Parysatis sendiri mendorong Artahsasta II untuk mengambil selir guna menyakiti istrinya. Stateira juga terang-terangan berbicara menentang kekejaman ibu suri di istana Iran. Misalnya, dia mengkritik perlakuan brutal Parysatis terhadap kasim bernama Masabates, membuat kebencian di antara kedua perempuan ini semakin kuat.




Kematian


Pada akhirnya Parysatis membunuh Stateira. Sumber klasik memberikan alasan yang berbeda untuk perbuatan ini. Menurut satu versi, Parysatis ingin menyelamatkan nyawa komandan Sparta Klearkhos dan rekan-rekan jenderalnya, yang dipenjara oleh Tissafernis, tetapi Stateira berhasil meyakinkan suaminya untuk membunuh para tahanan tersebut. Karena itu, Parysatis kemudian meracuni Stateira. Plutarkhos, di dalam biografinya tentang Artahsasta II, tidak mempercayai cerita ini. Menurut tradisi lain, Parysatis membunuh menantunya karena menyadari bahwa Artahsasta II dipandang terlalu mencintai Stateira. Plutarkhos melaporkan bahwa Parysatis melakukan pembunuhan dengan bantuan seorang dayang setia bernama Gigis. Dia menyajikan hidangan seekor burung yang dibuat sedemikian rupa sehingga hanya sebagian dari hidangan tersebut yang mengandung racun. Hidangan tersebut disajikan saat makan bersama, menyebabkan kematian menyakitkan bagi Stateira.




Lihat pula


Anggota keluarga kaisar Akhemeniyah yang juga bernama Stateira:

Stateira, istri Darius III
Stateira, putri Darius III dan istri Aleksander Agung




Rujukan






= Daftar pustaka

=
Karl Fiehn: Stateira 1). dalam: Realencyclopädie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft. Vol. III A, 2 (1929), col. 2170-2171.
Stateira [1]. dalam: Der Neue Pauly. Vol. 11 (2001), col. 920.
William Greenwalt: Statira I. dalam: Women in World History. Vol. 14 (2002), hlm. 745-746.

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• Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great)
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• Hephaestion
• Darius III

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• Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great) - Wikipedia
• Stateira (wife of Darius III) - Wikipedia
• The Truth About Alexander The Great's Three Wives - Grunge
• Stateira - Wikipedia
• Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great) - Wikiwand
• The Untold Story of Darius III's Wife: Stateira I and Her Impact on ...
• Royal Bonds: How the Mother, Wife, and Daughter of Darius III …
• Stateira, wife of Darius III - pothos.org
• Was Stateira, wife of King Darius III, as involved and ... - Reddit
• Stateira (wife of Darius III) - Wikiwand

Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great) - Wikipedia

Stateira (Greek: Στάτειρα; died 323 BC), possibly also known as Barsine, was the daughter of Stateira and Darius III of Persia. After her father's defeat at the Battle of Issus, Stateira and her sisters became captives of Alexander of Macedon. They were treated well, and she became Alexander's second wife at the Susa weddings in 324 BC.

Stateira (wife of Darius III) - Wikipedia

Stateira (Greek: Στάτειρα; 370 BC – early 332 BC) was a queen of Persia as the wife of Darius III of Persia of the Achaemenid dynasty. She accompanied her husband while he went to war.

The Truth About Alexander The Great's Three Wives - Grunge

Feb 19, 2020 · Alexander, as we mentioned, had three wives: Roxana, Stateira, and Parysatis. That's right, boomer, Parysatis can be a girl name, too. First up was Roxana, the daughter of a higher-up from Bactria in the Middle East.

Stateira - Wikipedia

Stateira or Statira may refer to: People. Stateira (wife of Artaxerxes II) Stateira (wife of Darius III) Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great) Operas. La Statira (1726), opera by Tomaso Albinoni; Statira principessa di Persia (1655), opera by Francesco Cavalli; Other.

Stateira (wife of Alexander the Great) - Wikiwand

Stateira (Greek: Στάτειρα; died 323 BC), possibly also known as Barsine, was the daughter of Stateira and Darius III of Persia. After her father's defeat at the Battle of Issus , Stateira and her sisters became captives of Alexander of Macedon .

The Untold Story of Darius III's Wife: Stateira I and Her Impact on ...

As a queen during a time of great upheaval, Stateira’s role offers a unique glimpse into the complexities of royal life in ancient Persia. Exploring Stateira’s life sheds light on the dynamics of power, loyalty, and love in a world dominated by warfare and political intrigue.

Royal Bonds: How the Mother, Wife, and Daughter of Darius III …

Dec 27, 2016 · Sisygambis (Sisigambis) was the mother of Darius III of Persia, and Stateira I was his wife. Stateira II was one of Stateira I and Darius III’s daughters. Thus, the three women were all members of the famous Achaemenid dynasty – which provided them with special characteristics in Alexander’s eyes.

Stateira, wife of Darius III - pothos.org

Stateira (called Barsine in Arr. 7.4.4-8) was the daughter of Darius III. She was also captured after the battle of Issus in 333 BC, along with her sister Drypetis, her mother and her grandmother. (Arr. 2.11.9; Diod. 35f; Pl. Alex. 20.6-21; Curt. 3.11.24-26).

Was Stateira, wife of King Darius III, as involved and ... - Reddit

Feb 1, 2024 · Stateira, wife of Darius III (not to be confused with their daughter or the wife of Artaxerxes II) is really a figure we don't know much about. She's only ever mentioned by name in Plutarch's Life of Alexander.

Stateira (wife of Darius III) - Wikiwand

Stateira (Greek: Στάτειρα; 370 BC – early 332 BC) was a queen of Persia as the wife of Darius III of Persia of the Achaemenid dynasty. She accompanied her husband while he went to war. It was because of this that she was captured by Alexander the Great after the Battle of Issus, in 333 BC, at the town of Issus.