- Pemberontakan Telangana
- Velama
- Koppula Velama
- War of the Goldsmith's Daughter
- List of Telugu castes
- Nayakas of Kalahasti
- Bahmani–Vijayanagar War (1398)
- List of Nayakars
- Petla Uma Sankara Ganesh
- Battle of Devarakonda
- Naidu
Velama GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21
Velama is a Hindu caste found mainly in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. The earliest recorded use of the term "Velama" to refer to a community dates back to the 17th century inscription. Famous Telugu poet Srinatha listed Velama caste in Bhimeswara Puranamu in the early 15th century. In the caste-based hierarchy, they hold a high position. They are also referred to as "Dora" (Lord) and "Rao" vaaru by other castes, a term that signifies respect. The medieval military history of Velama rulers and contemporaries was well recorded in the text "Velugoti vari Vamsavali".The modern Velama community is divided into four distinct categories: Padmanayaka Velama, Adi Velama, Koppula Velama, and Polinati Velama.
Origin and history
The Velamas have been described by that name since the 17th century but poet Srinatha described Velamas in his early 15th century text Bhimeswara puranamu. The Velamas of Recherla dynasty ruled Telangana from Rachakonda (1335 -1434 AD) and Devarakonda hill forts (1335-1475 AD) . After the Bahamani occupation of Telangana, the scions of this Recherla dynasty migrated to the Vijayanagar empire as generals, administrators and earned the jaghir of Velugodu in kurnool district as a fiefdom for rendering military services to the empire. They became popular in the Vijayanagara court with their surname Velugoti. Later this Velugoti dynasty founded the Venkatagiri state in Nellore district which gave rise to the Pithapuram, Bobbili and Jetprole states in the early 17th century. In the 17th century, some Velama chiefs held zamindari positions under the sultanate of Golconda, which gave them considerable power over small regions in Telangana. The sultanate chose to distinguish between various Velama groups by adopting a mansabdari system of ranks based on administrative and military service. This emphasis on status and trappings led to rivalries based on recognition of wealth and honors historically granted.
Among those that came to dominate from the Golconda sultanate ranks were the Meka dynasty Appa Raos of Nuzvid and the Malraju clan of Narasarao pet. The Velugoti and Apparao clans claimed recognition as royal clans, while other significant groups included the Pitapuram Raos and the Ranga Raos of Bobbili. The Velugoti dynasty, who traced their history to the 12 and 13 th century military governers of Kakatiyas, had ruled and lived in various places like Rachakonda, Devarakonda, Velugodu and North Mallur (Chittor district) before settling in Nellore district in 1695. Their prestige became such that in the 1870s, their sons were adopted as heirs by then rival Velama clan leaders, such as the Raos of Pithapuram and Ranga Raos of Bobbili whose own lineage faced extinction due to infertility or the early death of male children. Such arrangements enhanced the status of the adopters and the influence of the Velugotis. Raja Gopalakrishna Ranga Rao of Bobbili who fought the famous battle of Bobbili in 1757 AD with the forces of Vijayanagaram and French was also an adopted son from the Velugoti family of Venkatagiri Rajahs.
Velamas carry the title Rao and Dora. They do not engage in hired labor, and their womenfolk do not work in fields. Gosha or pardah tradition was practiced among their women .
Relationship with the Padmanayakas
Padmanayaka is the prime subsect of Velama community and all the popular historians clearly identified Padmanayakas with the Velama community. According to Cynthia Talbot, who has challenged the theories of historians from the British Raj era, the terms Velama and Padmanayaka are not synonymous. "Padmanayaka" referred to a status that could be claimed by Telugu warriors from various backgrounds but associated the Recherla Padmanayaka dynasty with Velamas. Additionally, the Bhimeswara Puranamu listed Velama and Padmanayaka as distinct communities.
Culture
Velamas are Hindus and belong to the Vaishnavism denomination of Hinduism.
Dynasties
Recherla Nayakas
Kalahasti Nayakas
Pithapuram Estate
Nuzvid Estate
Bobbili Estate
Venkatgiri Estate
Jetprole Samasthanam
Narasarao pet Zamindari
Notable People
Tandra Papa Rayudu, Famed Army General of Bobilli, played a crucial part in of Battle of Bobbili
Damarla Chennapa Nayaka, King of Kalahasti City of Chennai is named in his honour
JV Narsing Rao - Former Deputy CM of Andhra Pradesh (1972), Signatory of Gentlemen’s agreement of 1956
Rao Venkata Kumara Mahipathi Surya Rao, Last Zamindar of the Pithapuram Estate
Meka Narasimha AppaRao, Lead a rebellion against the British and refused to pay taxes, but was defeated soundly the third time
Meka Rangaiah Apparao, Vice Chancellor of Andhra University, former member of Andhra legislative assembly and Rajya Sabha
RS Rama Krishna Ranga Rao, Chief minister of erstwhile Madras Madras Presidency
Panagal Raja, Former CM of Madras Presidency
K. Chandrashekar Rao, Former Chief Minister of Telangana
Jalagam Vengala Rao, Former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh (1973-1978)
Kinjarapu Ram Mohan Naidu, Union Minister for Civil Aviation in Modi 3.0
Ch Vidyasagar Rao, Former Union Minister and Governor of Maharashtra
KVP Ram Chandra Rao, Former Rajya Sabha member and chief advisor of YSR
Kotagiri Vidyadhar Rao, Former Minister of Andhra Pradesh
Jupally Rameswar Rao, Billionaire founder of My Home Group
M.Satya Narayana Rao, Former PCC president, AICC General Secretary
Kinjarapu Yerran Naidu, Former Union Minister in HD Deve Gowda and I.k Gujral governments
Chintakayala Ayyanna Patrudu, Former MP and MLA from TDP party, Ap assembly 3rd Speaker
Harish Rao Thanneeru, MLA-Sidhipet, former Cabinet minister in YSR and KCR governments
Jupally Krishna Rao, Minister of Excise and Prohibition Telangana
Errabelli Dayakar Rao, Former MP and Minister, MLA from Palakurthi
Puri Jagannadh, Prominent Tollywood Director
Parasuram, Director and Writer
Vamshi Paidipally, Director and Screenplay Writer
C. Rajeswara Rao, Former general secretary of CPI
C. H. Hanumantha Rao, Prominent Indian economist and writer, member of national advisory council 2004-2008
Dharmana Prasad Rao, Former minister of Roads in Buildings in Jagan Mohan Reddy cabinet
Kinjarapu Atchainaidu, Minister in fourth CBN cabinet and chief whip of TDP
KT Rama Rao, Current MLA from Sircilla and former minister of IT and Technology in the KCR cabinets
Boainpally Vinod Kumar, Former MP from Hanamakonda and Karimnagar, BRS politburo member
Juvwadi Chokka Rao
Dharmana Krishna Das, Former Deputy CM in Jagan Cabinet
Budi Mutyala Naidu, Former deputy CM of AP
Kotagiri Sridhar, Former YCP MP from Eluru
Madhavneni Raghunandan Rao, Current BJP MP from Medak
Rao Gopal Rao, Former Tollywood actor
Rao Ramesh, Current Tollywood Actor
Vijay Devarakonda, Tollywood Top Hero
Anand Devarakonda, Tollywood Hero
Sairam Shankar, Tollywood Hero
Bandaru Satyanarayana Murthy, Madugula MLA
Sabbam Hari, Former MP anakapalli
CM Ramesh, Current BJP MP from Anakapalli
RV Sujay Krishna Ranga Rao, Former minister of mines in Naidu-3 (2014-2019)
Baggu Ramanamurthy, Narasannapeta MLA
References
Further reading
Hiebert, Paul G. (1971). Konduru: Structure and Integration in a South Indian Village. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-0593-4.
Hiltebeitel, Alf (1999). Rethinking India's Oral and Classical Epics: Draupadī Among Rajputs, Muslims, and Dalits. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-34051-7.
Katten, Michael; Making Caste In Nineteenth-Century India: A History of Telling the Bobbili Katha & Velama Identity, University of California at Berkeley, USA
Roghair, Gene H; 1982, The epic of Palnadu: a study and translation of Palnati virula katha, a Telugu oral tradition from Andhra Pradesh, India, Oxford University Press
Stein, Burton; Johnson, Gordon; Bayly, Christopher Alan; Richards, John F. (1989). The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 1, Part 2. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-26693-2.
Subrahmanyam, Sanjay (2001). Penumbral visions: making polities in early modern South India. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-11216-6.
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