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      • Velvet blight is a disease that affects the stems, branches, leaves, fruits or trunks of plants and trees. This disease is primarily caused by three fungal species from the genus Septobasidium: S. bogoriense, S. pilosum and S. theae.
      It is known to affect mainly tea plants (genus Thea).
      The most studied of these species is S. bogoriense, most notably due to the work of Ernst Albert Gäumann. S. bogoriense is named after the Herbarium Bogoriense (Bogor, West Java, Indonesia) which is the place where it was first identified on the bark of an unspecified tree and named by E. Nyman on June 3, 1898. This species was also listed in Otto Warburg's Monsunia in 1900.


      Distribution


      This disease is mainly found in tropical climates in Southern Asia, however some scattering exists:


      = S. bogoriense

      =
      Java, Indonesia
      Sri Lanka
      Tonkin, China
      Japan
      North Queensland, Australia
      West Indies
      La Campana, Panama
      Northern Vietnam
      Washington, USA
      India


      = S. pilosum

      =
      Java, Indonesia
      Taiwan
      Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
      Florida, USA


      = S. theae

      =
      Java, Indonesia
      Lam dong, Viet Nam


      Known primary hosts




      = S. bogoriense

      =
      Coffea, Cinchona, Thea, Broussonetia, Morus, Citrus, Manihot, Ficus elastica, Solanum quitoense, Erythrina, Crotalaria sp., Tephrosia candida, Leucaena glauca, Sesbania aegyptiaca, Lantana, Stachytarpheta mutabilis, Paritium, Calosanthes indica, Fraxinus, Marsdenia, Piper nigrum, Polyosma, Rosa, Wigandia kunthii, Macaranga tanarius, Bougainvillea, Hibiscus rosa sub.sp. sinensis, and sub.sp. mangifera.


      = S. pilosum

      =
      Thea, Mangifera indica, Magnolia virginiana, and Artabotrys.


      = S. theae

      =
      Thea.


      References




      Further reading


      Warburg, Otto. Monsunia: Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Vegetation des süd-und ostasiatischen Monsungebietes. Vol. 1. W. Engelmann, 1900.
      Sarma, Y. R., N. Ramachandran, and M. Anandaraj. "Black pepper diseases in India." In: Diseases of Black Pepper. Proceedings of the Int. Pepper Comm. Wkshop. in Jt. Res. for Control of Black Pepper Diseases (1988): 27–29.
      Couch, John Nathaniel. "A monograph of Septobasidium. Part I. Jamaican species." Jour. Elisha Mitchell Soc 44 (1929): 242–260.
      Peregrine, W. T. H.; AHMAD, Hj. KASSIM BIN; ABAS, AHMAD BIN Hj.; Sutton, B. C. (1990). "A serious disease of seedling rambutan caused by Pseudocercospora nephelii sp. nov". Plant Pathology. 39 (1): 197–201. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.1990.tb02490.x. ISSN 0032-0862.


      External links


      "Septobasidium". The Encyclopedia of Life.

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