• Source: Adenophora

Adenophora is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, the bellflowers. Plants of this genus are known commonly as ladybells. Most of the species in the genus are native to eastern Asia, with a few in Europe. Many are endemic to either China or Siberia.




Description


These plants are perennial herbs, often with thick, fleshy roots. The stem usually grows erect from a caudex. There are usually several basal leaves borne on long petioles. The leaves on the stem are alternately arranged in most species. Flowers are solitary or borne in cymes. The corolla of the flower is bell-shaped, funnel-shaped, or tubular, with five lobes. The corollas of most species are blue. There is a characteristic nectar disc at the base of the stamens.




Species


68 species are accepted. They include:

Adenophora amurica C.X.Fu & M.Y.Liu – Heilongjiang
Adenophora biformifolia Y.Z.Zhao – Inner Mongolia
Adenophora biloba Y.Z.Zhao – Inner Mongolia
Adenophora borealis D.Y.Hong & Y.Z.Zhao – Inner Mongolia and Hebei
Adenophora brevidiscifera D.Y.Hong – Sichuan
Adenophora capillaris Hemsl. – Chongqing, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan
Adenophora changaica Gubanov & Kamelin – Mongolia
Adenophora coelestis Diels – Sichuan, Yunnan
Adenophora contracta (Kitag.) J.Z.Qiu & D.Y.Hong – Liaoning, Inner Mongolia
Adenophora cordifolia D.Y.Hong – Henan
Adenophora daqingshanica Y.Z.Zhao & L.Q.Zhao – Inner Mongolia
Adenophora dawuensis D.Y.Hong – Sichuan
Adenophora delavayi (Franch.) D.Y.Hong – northwestern Yunnan
Adenophora divaricata Franch. & Sav. – spreading-branch ladybell – Honshu, Shikoku, Korea, Amur, Primorye, Khabarovsk, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Shanxi
Adenophora elata Nannf. – Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi
Adenophora fusifolia Y.N.Lee – South Korea
Adenophora gmelinii (Biehler) Fisch. (synonym Adenophora taquetii H.Lév) – narrow-leaf ladybell, Jejudo ladybell – Buryatiya, Chita, Amur, Primorye, Mongolia, Korea, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi
Adenophora golubinzevaeana Reverd. – Krasnoyarsk
Adenophora grandiflora Nakai – big-flower ladybell – Korea
Adenophora hatsushimae Kitam. – Kyushu
Adenophora himalayana Feer – Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Tibet, Nepal, northern India, Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan
Adenophora hubeiensis D.Y.Hong – Hubei
Adenophora × izuensis H.Ohba & S.Watan. – Honshu
Adenophora jacutica Fed. – Yakutiya
Adenophora jasionifolia Franch. – Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan
Adenophora khasiana (Hook.f. & Thomson) Collett & Hemsl. (syn. A. bulleyana Diels) – Assam, Bhutan, Myanmar, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan
Adenophora lamarckii Fisch. – Lamark's ladybell – Irkutsk, Altai, Kazakhstan, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Korea
Adenophora liliifolia (L.) A.DC. – lily-leaf ladybell – central and eastern Europe (Germany, Switzerland, Italy, etc.) east to Xinjiang
Adenophora liliifolioides Pax & K.Hoffm. – Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet
Adenophora linearifolia D.Y.Hong – Sichuan
Adenophora lobophylla D.Y.Hong – Sichuan
Adenophora longipedicellata D.Y.Hong – Chongqing, Guizhou, W Hubei, Sichuan
Adenophora maximowicziana Makino – Shikoku
Adenophora micrantha D.Y.Hong – Inner Mongolia
Adenophora morrisonensis Hayata – Taiwan
Adenophora nikoensis Franch. & Sav. – Honshu
Adenophora ningxianica S.Ge & D.Y.Hong – Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia
Adenophora palustris Kom. – marsh ladybell – Jilin, Korea, Honshu
Adenophora pereskiifolia (Fisch. ex Schult.) G.Don (synonyms Adenophora kayasanensis Kitam. and Adenophora racemosa J.Lee & S.Lee) – Manchurian ladybell, Korean ladybell, racemose ladybell, Gayasan ladybell – Mongolia, Japan, Korea, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Amur, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Khabarovsk, Chita, Buryatiya
Adenophora petiolata Pax & K.Hoffm. – Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang
Adenophora pinifolia Kitag. – Liaoning
Adenophora polyantha Nakai – many-flower ladybell – Korea, Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi
Adenophora potaninii Korsh. – Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan
Adenophora probatovae A.E.Kozhevn. – Primorye
Adenophora remotidens Hemsl. – Incheon ladybell – Korea
Adenophora remotiflora (Siebold & Zucc.) Miq. (synonym Adenophora erecta S.Lee, Joongku Lee & S.Kim) – scattered ladybell – Primorye, Japan, Korea, Manchuria
Adenophora rupestris Reverd. – Irkutsk
Adenophora rupincola Hemsl. – Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan
Adenophora sajanensis Stepanov – Krasnoyarsk
Adenophora sinensis A.DC. – Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi
Adenophora stenanthina (Ledeb.) Kitag. – Mongolia, Gansu, Hebei, Jilin, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Altai, Amur, Irkutsk, Chita, Buryatiya, Tuva
Adenophora stenophylla Hemsl. – Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, Manchuria
Adenophora stricta Miq. – upright ladybell – Korea, Japan, Anhui, Chongqing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang
Adenophora subjenisseensis (Kurbatsky) A.V.Grebenjuk – central Siberia
Adenophora sublata Kom. – Primorye, Khabarovsk
Adenophora taiwaniana S.S.Ying – Taiwan
Adenophora takedae Makino – Honshu
Adenophora tashiroi (Makino & Nakai) Makino & Nakai – Fukue Island, Jeju-do Island
Adenophora taurica (Sukaczev) Juz. – Crimea
Adenophora trachelioides Maxim. – Anhui, Hebei, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Zhejiang
Adenophora tricuspidata (Fisch. ex Schult.) A.DC. – Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, much of Asiatic Russia
Adenophora triphylla (Thunb.) A.DC. – giant bellflower – Korea, Japan, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, Laos, Vietnam, Russian Far East, Siberia
Adenophora tuvinica Knjaz. – Tuva
Adenophora uryuensis Miyabe & Tatew. – Hokkaido
Adenophora wilsonii Nannf. – Chongqing, Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan
Adenophora wulingshanica D.Y.Hong – Beijing
Adenophora xiaoxiensis D.G.Zhang, D.Xie & X.Y.Yi – Hunan
Adenophora xifengensis (P.F.Tu & Y.S.Zhou) P.F.Tu & Y.S.Zhou – Gansu




Uses


Many Adenophora species have been used in traditional Chinese medicine.




References

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Psychotria adenophora
• Salvia adenophora
• Abarema adenophora
• Daftar spesies endemik Taiwan
• Teklan
• Campanulaceae
• Lactuca
• Cemplonan
• Tectaria
• Strobilanthes
• Adenophora
• Ageratina adenophora
• Adenophora triphylla
• Drymaria cordata
• Adenophora divaricata
• Adenophora liliifolia
• Campanula
• Phacelia adenophora
• Zieria adenophora
• Abarema adenophora