• Source: Coupling (electronics)

In electronics, electric power and telecommunication, coupling is the transfer of electrical energy from one circuit to another, or between parts of a circuit. Coupling can be deliberate as part of the function of the circuit, or it may be undesirable, for instance due to coupling to stray fields. For example, energy is transferred from a power source to an electrical load by means of conductive coupling, which may be either resistive or direct coupling. An AC potential may be transferred from one circuit segment to another having a DC potential by use of a capacitor. Electrical energy may be transferred from one circuit segment to another segment with different impedance by use of a transformer; this is known as impedance matching. These are examples of electrostatic and electrodynamic inductive coupling.




Types


Electrical conduction:

Direct coupling, also called conductive coupling and galvanic coupling
Resistive conduction
Atmospheric plasma channel coupling
Electromagnetic induction:

Electrodynamic induction — commonly called inductive coupling, also magnetic coupling
Capacitive coupling
Evanescent wave coupling
Electromagnetic radiation:

Radio waves — Wireless telecommunications.
Electromagnetic interference (EMI) — Sometimes called radio frequency interference (RFI), is unwanted coupling. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requires techniques to avoid such unwanted coupling, such as electromagnetic shielding.
Microwave power transmission
Other kinds of energy coupling:

Acoustic coupler




See also


Antenna noise temperature
Coupling loss
Aperture-to-medium coupling loss
Coupling coefficient of resonators
Directional coupler
Equilibrium length
Optocoupler
Fiber-optic coupling
Loading coil
Shield
List of electronics topics
AC Coupling
Impedance matching
Impedance bridging
Decoupling
Crosstalk
Wireless power transfer




References

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• Coupling (electronics)
• Capacitive coupling
• Coupling (disambiguation)
• Evanescent field
• Direct coupling
• Inductive coupling
• Crosstalk
• Resonant inductive coupling
• Leakage (electronics)
• Noise (electronics)