• Source: Hygromiidae

Hygromiidae is a taxonomic family of small to medium-sized air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.




Anatomy


Some snails in genera within this family create and use love darts as part of their courtship and mating behavior.
In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 30 (according to the values in this table).




Taxonomy


The family Hygromiidae consists of the following subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):

subfamily Hygromiinae Tryon, 1866
tribe Hygromiini Tryon, 1866 - synonym: Cernuellini Schileyko, 1991
tribe Perforatellini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
subfamily Leptaxinae C.R. Boettger, 1909
tribe Cryptosaccini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
tribe Leptaxini C.R. Boettger, 1909
tribe Perforatellini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
subfamily Metafruticicolinae Schileyko, 1972
subfamily Ponentininae Schileyko, 1991
subfamily Trochulininae Lindholm, 1927
tribe Archaicini Schileyko, 1978
tribe Caucasigenini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
tribe Ciliellini Schileyko, 1970
tribe Halolimnohelicini H. Nordsieck, 1986
tribe Monachaini Wenz, 1930 (1904)
tribe Trochulini Lindholm, 1927
tribe Urticicolini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017




Genera


Genera with the family Hygromiidae include:
The type genus of this family is Hygromia Risso, 1826.

Not belonging to a subfamily

† Archygromia Pfeffer, 1930
† Camaenopsis Dollfus & Dautzenberg, 1924
Cernuellopsis Manganelli & Giusti, 1988
Helicotricha Giusti, Manganelli & Crisci, 1992
† Hemistenotrema O. Boettger, 1897
† Hochheimia Harzhauser & Neubauer, 2021
Ichnusomunda Giusti & Manganelli, 1998
Kalitinaia Hudec & Lezhawa, 1967
† Leucochroopsis O. Boettger, 1908
† Loganiopharynx Wenz, 1919
† Pseudomonacha Pfeffer, 1930
† Pseudoxerotricha C. R. Boettger, 1911
subfamily Hygromiinae Tryon, 1866
tribe Hygromiini Tryon, 1866
Hygromia Risso, 1826
Zenobiellina Holyoak, D. T. & Holyoak, G. A., 2018
tribe Perforatellini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
Chilanodon Westerlund, 1897
Kovacsia H. Nordsieck, 1993
Lindholmomneme F. Haas, 1936
Lozekia Hudec, 1970
Monachoides Gude & B. B. Woodward, 1921
Noneulota Schileyko & Horsák, 2007
Perforatella Schlüter, 1838
Pseudotrichia Schileyko, 1970
Stygius Schileyko, 1970
tribe incerta
subfamily Leptaxinae C.R. Boettger, 1909
Tribe Cryptosaccini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
Cryptosaccus Prieto & Puente, 1994
Fractanella Caro & Madeira, 2019
Mengoana Ortiz de Zárate López, 1951
Pyrenaearia P. Hesse, 1921
Tribe Leptaxini C.R. Boettger, 1909
Leptaxis R. T. Lowe, 1852
Portugala E. Gittenberger, 1980
subfamily Metafruticicolinae Schileyko, 1972
Cyrnotheba Germain, 1928
Elbasania Schileyko & Fehér, 2017
Hiltrudia H. Nordsieck, 1993
Metafruticicola Ihering, 1892
subfamily Trochulininae Lindholm, 1927
Tribe Archaicini Schileyko, 1978
Angiomphalia Schileyko, 1978
Archaica Schileyko, 1970
Coronarchaica Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
Leucozonella Lindholm, 1927
Odontotrema Lindholm, 1927
Paedhoplita Lindholm, 1927
Tribe Ashfordiini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
Ashfordia J. W. Taylor, 1917
tribe Caucasigenini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
Anoplitella Lindholm, 1929
Caucasigena Lindholm, 1927
Circassina P. Hesse, 1921
Diodontella Lindholm, 1929
Dioscuria Lindholm, 1927
Fruticocampylaea Kobelt, 1871
Hygrohelicopsis Schileyko, 1978
Lazicana Neiber, Walther & Hausdorf, 2018
Teberdinia Schileyko, 1978
Tribe Ciliellini Schileyko, 1970
Ciliella Mousson, 1872
Ciliellopsis Giusti & Manganelli, 1990
tribe Ganulini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
Ganula E. Gittenberger, 1970
Ichnusotricha Giusti & Manganelli, 1987
Nienhuisiella Giusti & Manganelli, 1987
tribe Halolimnohelicini H. Nordsieck, 1986
Elgonella Preston, 1914
Halolimnohelix Germain, 1913
Haplohelix Pilsbry, 1919
Vicariihelix Pilsbry, 1919
tribe Monachaini Wenz, 1930 (1904)
Abchasohela Hudec & Lezhawa, 1971
Batumica Schileyko, 1978
Caucasocressa P. Hesse, 1921
Diplobursa Schileyko, 1968
Euomphalia Westerlund, 1889
Harmozica Lindholm, 1927
Hesseola Lindholm, 1927
Jasonella Lindholm, 1927
Karabaghia Lindholm, 1927
Lejeania Ancey, 1887
Monacha Fitzinger, 1833 - type genus of the subfamily Monachainae
Oscarboettgeria Lindholm, 1927
Platytheba Pilsbry, 1895: synonym of Monacha Fitzinger, 1833 (junior synonym)
Prostenomphalia Baidashnikov, 1985
Pseudhesseola H. Nordsieck, 1993
Stenomphalia Lindholm, 1927
tribe Trochulini Lindholm, 1927
Edentiella Poliński, 1929
Noricella Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
Petasina H. Beck, 1847
Raeticella Kneubühler, Baggenstos & Neubert, 2022
Trochulus Chemnitz, 1786 - synonym: Trichia
Tribe Urticicolini Neiber, Razkin & Hausdorf, 2017
Plicuteria Schileyko, 1978
Semifruticicola A. J. Wagner, 1914
Urticicola Lindholm, 1927
Xerocampylaea Kobelt, 1871




Synonyms


Kokotschashvilia Hudec & Lezhawa, 1969: synonym of Dioscuria Lindholm, 1927
Shileykoia Hudec, 1969: synonym of Fruticocampylaea Kobelt, 1871
Tyrrheniella: synonym of Tyrrheniellina Giusti & Manganelli, 1992
Zenobiella Gude & Woodward, 1921 - with the only species Zenobiella subrufescens (Miller, 1822): synonym of Zenobiellina Holyoak, D. T. & Holyoak, G. A., 2018 (junior synonym)




References






External links



A page of images of shells of species in the family
Razkin, O., Gómez-Moliner, B. J., Prieto, C. E., Martínez-Ortí, A., Arrébola, J. R., Muñoz, B., Chueca, L. J. & Madeira, M. J. (2015). Molecular phylogeny of the western Palaearctic Helicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 83: 99-117
Neiber, M. T., Razkin, O. & Hausdorf, B. (2017). Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of the land snail family Hygromiidae (Gastropoda: Helicoidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 111: 169-184.

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Pulmonata
• Hygromiidae
• Love dart
• Type species
• Trochulus phorochaetius
• Helicoidea
• Harmozica (gastropod)
• Petasina unidentata
• IUCN Red List endangered species (Animalia)
• Monachoides vicinus
• Trochulus ataxiacus