• Source: List of historical separatist movements in North America

    • This is a list of historical separatist movements in North America. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism.


    Criteria


    What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:

    They are no longer an active movement with active members.
    They are demanded greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
    They were citizens/people of the conflict area and did not come from another country.
    Under each region listed is one or more of the following:

    De facto state (de facto entity): for unrecognized regions with de facto autonomy.
    Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state.
    Proposed autonomous area: for movements towards greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession.
    De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region.
    Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control.
    Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession.
    Militant organisation(s): for armed organisations.
    Advocacy group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities.
    Ethnic/ethno-religious/racial/regional/religious group(s).


    List




    = Antigua and Barbuda

    =
    Political party: Antigua Labour Party


    = Bahamas

    =
    Abaco Islands
    Political parties: Abaco Independence Movement (defunct)
    Progressive Liberal Party (PLP)


    = Barbados

    =
    Culpepper Island

    Proposed state: Lokono-Arawak Nation
    Political parties: United Confederation of Taino People (UCTP), Eagle Clan of Lokono-Arawaks (ECLA)
    Militant organisation: Indigenous Democracy Defense Organization (IDDO)


    = Belize

    =
    Political party: People's United Party


    = British West Indies

    =
    Political party: Caribbean League
    Secessionist entity: West Indies Federation


    = Canada

    =


    Autonomist


    Acadia
    Political party: Parti Acadien
    Cape Breton Island
    Political party: Cape Breton Labour Party
    the Maritimes
    Political party: the Maritimes
    Ontario
    Political party: Northern Ontario Heritage Party
    Quebec
    Political party: Action démocratique du Québec


    Secessionist


    Nova Scotia
    Political: Anti-Confederation Party
    Ontario
    Political: Ontario Independence League, Northern Ontario Heritage Party
    Quebec
    Pressure group: Alliance Laurentienne, Chevaliers de l'Indépendance, Mouvement de Libération Nationale du Québec, Réseau de Résistance du Québécois
    Political party: Mouvement Souveraineté-Association, Option citoyenne, Parti de la Democratie Socialiste, Parti indépendantiste, Parti nationaliste du Québec, Option nationale, Ralliement National, Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale, Union des forces progressistes, Parti québécois, Union Populaire, Québec solidaire
    Rebel organization: Société des Fils de la Liberté, Frères Chasseurs, Comité de libération nationale (Quebec), Réseaux de résistance, Armée révolutionnaire du Québec, Front de libération du Québec
    Western Canada
    Political: Unionest Party, Separation Party of Alberta, Alberta Independence Party


    = Costa Rica

    =
    Political party: Independent Guanacaste Party


    = Dominica

    =
    Political party: Dominica Labour Party


    Autonomist


    Kalinago Territory

    Proposed state: Karifuna-Carib Nation
    Political parties: Kalinago Tribal Nation, United Confederation of Taino People (UCTP)


    = Haiti

    =
    Cacos (anti-US occupation)


    = Jamaica

    =

    Political party: Jamaica Labour Party, People's National Party
    Leeward Maroons

    Proposed state: Accompong Town Maroon Community
    Political organizations: Maroon Council


    = Mexico

    =
    Secessionist
    California Republic
    Chan Santa Cruz
    Republic of Fredonia
    Republic of the Rio Grande
    Republic of Texas
    Republic of Yucatán
    Republic of Baja California
    Republic of Sonora


    = Nicaragua

    =
    Ejército Defensor de la Soberanía Nacional (anti-US occupation)


    = Panama

    =
    Kuna Revolution (Republic of Tule)


    = Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

    =
    Carib Country (Black Carib indigenous communities north of the Rabacca River: Orange Hill, Overland, Sandy Bay, Point, Owia and Fancy)

    Proposed state: Yurumein
    Former reservations:Old Sandy Bay, Petit Bonum, Morne Ronde, Lariki, Grieggs
    Political parties: Campaign for the Development of the Carib Community(CDCC), Garifuna Indigenous People of St. Vincent and the Grenadines Inc (GIPSVG), United Confederation of Taino People (UCTP)


    = Trinidad and Tobago

    =
    Political party: People's National Movement
    Political party: Tobago Organisation of the People


    = United States

    =
    American Revolution
    Aztlán
    Confederate States of America
    New England's Secession Conventions of 1803, 1808, 1814, and 1843
    Republic of New Afrika
    State of Franklin, secessionist North Carolina western territory (1784–1789)
    State of Muskogee, secessionist Florida territory (1799 - 1803)
    For historic Texas separatist movements, see Mexico, above.
    Republic of West Florida
    Conch Republic
    Capitol Hill Occupied Protest


    Puerto Rico


    Anti-Colonial National Liberation Movement
    Puerto Rican Independence Movement
    Partido Independentista Puertorriqueño (PIP)


    See also


    List of historical unrecognized states and dependencies
    List of active separatist movements recognized by intergovernmental organizations
    Lists of separatist movements


    References

Kata Kunci Pencarian: