• Source: List of mammals of Somalia

      • This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Somalia. There are 192 identified mammal species or subspecies in Somalia, of which two are critically endangered, one is endangered, twelve are vulnerable, and four are near threatened.
      The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

      Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:


      Order: Afrosoricida (tenrecs and golden moles)


      The order Afrosoricida contains the golden moles of southern Africa and the tenrecs of Madagascar and Africa, two families of small mammals that were traditionally part of the order Insectivora.

      Family: Chrysochloridae
      Subfamily: Amblysominae
      Genus: Calcochloris
      Somali golden mole, C. tytonis DD


      Order: Macroscelidea (elephant shrews)


      Often called sengis, the elephant shrews or jumping shrews are native to southern Africa. Their common English name derives from their elongated flexible snout and their resemblance to the true shrews.

      Family: Macroscelididae (elephant-shrews)
      Genus: Galegeeska
      Somali elephant shrew, G. revoili DD
      Genus: Elephantulus
      Rufous elephant shrew, E. rufescens LC


      Order: Tubulidentata (aardvarks)



      The order Tubulidentata consists of a single species, the aardvark. Tubulidentata are characterised by their teeth which lack a pulp cavity and form thin tubes which are continuously worn down and replaced.

      Family: Orycteropodidae
      Genus: Orycteropus
      Aardvark, O. afer LC


      Order: Hyracoidea (hyraxes)



      The hyraxes are any of four species of fairly small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea. About the size of a domestic cat they are well-furred, with rounded bodies and a stumpy tail. They are native to Africa and the Middle East.

      Family: Procaviidae (hyraxes)
      Genus: Heterohyrax
      Yellow-spotted rock hyrax, Heterohyrax brucei LC
      Genus: Procavia
      Cape hyrax, Procavia capensis LC


      Order: Proboscidea (elephants)



      The elephants comprise three living species and are the largest living land animals.

      Family: Elephantidae (elephants)
      Genus: Loxodonta
      African bush elephant, L. africana EN


      Order: Sirenia (manatees and dugongs)



      Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.

      Family: Dugongidae
      Genus: Dugong
      Dugong, Dugong dugon VU


      Order: Primates



      The order Primates contains humans and their closest relatives: lemurs, lorisoids, tarsiers, monkeys, and apes.

      Suborder: Strepsirrhini
      Infraorder: Lemuriformes
      Superfamily: Lorisoidea
      Family: Galagidae
      Genus: Galago
      Somali bushbaby, Galago gallarum LR/nt
      Genus: Galagoides
      Zanzibar bushbaby, Galagoides zanzibaricus LR/nt
      Genus: Otolemur
      Northern greater galago, Otolemur garnettii LR/lc
      Suborder: Haplorhini
      Infraorder: Simiiformes
      Parvorder: Catarrhini
      Superfamily: Cercopithecoidea
      Family: Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)
      Genus: Erythrocebus
      Patas monkey, Erythrocebus patas LR/lc
      Genus: Chlorocebus
      Vervet monkey, Chlorocebus pygerythrus LR/lc
      Genus: Cercopithecus
      Blue monkey, Cercopithecus mitis LR/lc
      Genus: Papio
      Olive baboon, Papio anubis LR/lc
      Yellow baboon, Papio cynocephalus LR/lc
      Hamadryas baboon, Papio hamadryas LR/nt


      Order: Rodentia (rodents)



      Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (99 lb).

      Suborder: Hystricognathi
      Family: Bathyergidae
      Genus: Heterocephalus
      Naked mole-rat, Heterocephalus glaber LC
      Family: Hystricidae (Old World porcupines)
      Genus: Hystrix
      Crested porcupine, Hystrix cristata LC
      Suborder: Sciurognathi
      Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
      Subfamily: Xerinae
      Tribe: Xerini
      Genus: Xerus
      Unstriped ground squirrel, Xerus rutilus LC
      Tribe: Protoxerini
      Genus: Paraxerus
      Ochre bush squirrel, Paraxerus ochraceus LC
      Red bush squirrel, Paraxerus palliatus LC
      Family: Dipodidae (jerboas)
      Subfamily: Dipodinae
      Genus: Jaculus
      Lesser Egyptian jerboa, Jaculus jaculus LC
      Family: Spalacidae
      Subfamily: Tachyoryctinae
      Genus: Tachyoryctes
      Northeast African mole-rat, Tachyoryctes splendens LC
      Family: Nesomyidae
      Subfamily: Cricetomyinae
      Genus: Saccostomus
      Mearns's pouched mouse, Saccostomus mearnsi LC
      Family: Cricetidae
      Subfamily: Lophiomyinae
      Genus: Lophiomys
      Maned rat, Lophiomys imhausi LC
      Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
      Subfamily: Deomyinae
      Genus: Acomys
      Fiery spiny mouse, Acomys ignitus LC
      Kemp's spiny mouse, Acomys kempi LC
      Louise's spiny mouse, Acomys louisae LC
      Mullah spiny mouse, Acomys mullah LC
      Percival's spiny mouse, Acomys percivali LC
      Wilson's spiny mouse, Acomys wilsoni LC
      Subfamily: Gerbillinae
      Genus: Ammodillus
      Ammodile, Ammodillus imbellis DD
      Genus: Gerbillus
      Berbera gerbil, Gerbillus acticola DD
      Brockman's gerbil, Gerbillus brockmani DD
      Somalia gerbil, Gerbillus dunni DD
      Waters's gerbil, Gerbillus juliani LC
      Rosalinda gerbil, Gerbillus rosalinda DD
      Least gerbil, Gerbillus ruberrimus LC
      Somalian gerbil, Gerbillus somalicus DD
      Genus: Microdillus
      Somali pygmy gerbil, Microdillus peeli LC
      Genus: Tatera
      Black-tailed gerbil, Tatera nigricauda LC
      Phillips's gerbil, Tatera phillipsi LC
      Fringe-tailed gerbil, Tatera robusta LC
      Genus: Taterillus
      Harrington's gerbil, Taterillus harringtoni LC
      Subfamily: Murinae
      Genus: Arvicanthis
      Neumann's grass rat, Arvicanthis neumanni DD
      Genus: Grammomys
      Gray-headed thicket rat, Grammomys caniceps DD
      Genus: Mastomys
      Natal multimammate mouse, Mastomys natalensis LC
      Genus: Mus
      Delicate mouse, Mus tenellus LC
      Genus: Myomyscus
      Brockman's Myomyscus, Myomyscus brockmani LC
      Genus: Thallomys
      Acacia rat, Thallomys paedulcus LC
      Family: Ctenodactylidae
      Genus: Pectinator
      Speke's pectinator, Pectinator spekei DD


      Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)


      The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

      Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
      Genus: Lepus
      Cape hare, Lepus capensis LR/lc
      Abyssinian hare, Lepus habessinicus LR/lc


      Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)


      The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

      Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
      Subfamily: Erinaceinae
      Genus: Atelerix
      Four-toed hedgehog, Atelerix albiventris LR/lc
      Somali hedgehog, Atelerix sclateri LR/lc
      Genus: Hemiechinus
      Desert hedgehog, Hemiechinus aethiopicus LR/lc


      Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)


      The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

      Family: Soricidae (shrews)
      Subfamily: Crocidurinae
      Genus: Crocidura
      Greenwood's shrew, Crocidura greenwoodi LC
      MacArthur's shrew, Crocidura macarthuri LC
      Somali dwarf shrew, Crocidura nana DD
      Desert musk shrew, Crocidura smithii LC
      Somali shrew, Crocidura somalica LC
      Savanna path shrew, Crocidura viaria LC
      Voi shrew, Crocidura voi LC
      Yankari shrew, Crocidura yankariensis LC


      Order: Chiroptera (bats)


      The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

      Family: Pteropodidae (flying foxes, Old World fruit bats)
      Subfamily: Pteropodinae
      Genus: Eidolon
      Straw-coloured fruit bat, Eidolon helvum LC
      Genus: Epomophorus
      East African epauletted fruit bat, Epomophorus minimus LC
      Wahlberg's epauletted fruit bat, Epomophorus wahlbergi LC
      Family: Vespertilionidae
      Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
      Genus: Eptesicus
      Botta's serotine, Eptesicus bottae LC
      Genus: Glauconycteris
      Butterfly bat, Glauconycteris variegata LC
      Genus: Hypsugo
      Eisentraut's pipistrelle, Hypsugo eisentrauti DD
      Genus: Neoromicia
      Cape serotine, Neoromicia capensis LC
      Heller's pipistrelle, Neoromicia helios DD
      Banana pipistrelle, Neoromicia nanus LC
      Rendall's serotine, Neoromicia rendalli LC
      Somali serotine, Neoromicia somalicus LC
      Genus: Nycticeinops
      Schlieffen's bat, Nycticeinops schlieffeni LC
      Genus: Pipistrellus
      Egyptian pipistrelle, Pipistrellus deserti LC
      Kuhl's pipistrelle, Pipistrellus kuhlii LC
      Genus: Scotoecus
      White-bellied lesser house bat, Scotoecus albigula DD
      Hinde's lesser house bat, Scotoecus hindei DD
      Dark-winged lesser house bat, Scotoecus hirundo DD
      Genus: Scotophilus
      African yellow bat, Scotophilus dinganii LC
      Family: Rhinopomatidae
      Genus: Rhinopoma
      Egyptian mouse-tailed bat, R. cystops LC
      Lesser mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma hardwickei LC
      Macinnes's mouse-tailed bat, Rhinopoma macinnesi VU
      Family: Molossidae
      Genus: Chaerephon
      Little free-tailed bat, Chaerephon pumila LC
      Genus: Mops
      Angolan free-tailed bat, Mops condylurus LC
      Family: Emballonuridae
      Genus: Coleura
      African sheath-tailed bat, Coleura afra LC
      Genus: Taphozous
      Hamilton's tomb bat, Taphozous hamiltoni NT
      Mauritian tomb bat, Taphozous mauritianus LC
      Naked-rumped tomb bat, Taphozous nudiventris LC
      Egyptian tomb bat, Taphozous perforatus LC
      Family: Nycteridae
      Genus: Nycteris
      Andersen's slit-faced bat, Nycteris aurita DD
      Hairy slit-faced bat, Nycteris hispida LC
      Parissi's slit-faced bat, Nycteris parisii DD
      Egyptian slit-faced bat, Nycteris thebaica LC
      Family: Megadermatidae
      Genus: Cardioderma
      Heart-nosed bat, Cardioderma cor LC
      Genus: Lavia
      Yellow-winged bat, Lavia frons LC
      Family: Rhinolophidae
      Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
      Genus: Rhinolophus
      Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii LC
      Geoffroy's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus clivosus LC
      Eloquent horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus eloquens DD
      Rüppell's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus fumigatus LC
      Hildebrandt's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus hildebrandti LC
      Lander's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus landeri LC
      Subfamily: Hipposiderinae
      Genus: Asellia
      Trident leaf-nosed bat, Asellia tridens LC
      Genus: Hipposideros
      Sundevall's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros caffer LC
      Commerson's roundleaf bat, Hipposideros marungensis NT
      Ethiopian large-eared roundleaf bat, Hipposideros megalotis NT
      Genus: Triaenops
      Persian trident bat, Triaenops persicus LC


      Order: Pholidota (pangolins)


      The order Pholidota comprises the eight species of pangolin. Pangolins are anteaters and have the powerful claws, elongated snout and long tongue seen in the other unrelated anteater species.

      Family: Manidae
      Genus: Manis
      Ground pangolin, Manis temminckii LR/nt


      Order: Cetacea (whales)


      The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

      Suborder: Mysticeti (baleen whales)
      Family: Balaenopteridae (rorquals)
      Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
      Genus: Balaenoptera
      Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata LC
      Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis EN
      Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni DD
      Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus EN
      Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus EN
      Subfamily: Megapterinae
      Genus: Megaptera
      Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae CR (Arabian Sea population)
      Suborder: Odontoceti (toothed whales)
      Superfamily: Platanistoidea
      Family: Physeteridae (sperm whales)
      Genus: Physeter
      Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU
      Family: Kogiidae
      Genus: Kogia
      Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps LR/lc
      Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima LR/lc
      Family: Ziphidae (beaked whales)
      Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
      Genus: Indopacetus
      Longman's beaked whale, Indopacetus pacificus DD
      Genus: Ziphius
      Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris DD
      Genus: Mesoplodon
      Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD
      Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD
      Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
      Genus: Steno
      Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD
      Genus: Sousa
      Indian humpback dolphin, Sousa plumbea DD
      Genus: Tursiops
      Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus DD
      Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus DD
      Genus: Stenella
      Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata LR/cd
      Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba LR/cd
      Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris LR/cd
      Genus: Lagenodelphis
      Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD
      Genus: Grampus
      Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus DD
      Genus: Feresa
      Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD
      Genus: Pseudorca
      False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens LR/lc
      Genus: Orcinus
      Orca, Orcinus orca LR/cd
      Genus: Globicephala
      Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus LR/cd
      Genus: Peponocephala
      Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra DD


      Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)



      There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

      Suborder: Feliformia
      Family: Felidae
      Subfamily: Felinae
      Genus: Acinonyx
      Cheetah, A. jubatus VU
      Genus: Caracal
      Caracal, Caracal caracal LC
      Genus: Felis
      African wildcat, F. lybica LC
      Genus: Leptailurus
      Serval, Leptailurus serval LC
      Subfamily: Pantherinae
      Genus: Panthera
      Lion, Panthera leo VU
      Leopard, Panthera pardus VU
      Family: Viverridae
      Subfamily: Viverrinae
      Genus: Civettictis
      African civet, Civettictis civetta LC
      Genus: Genetta
      Abyssinian genet, Genetta abyssinica DD
      Common genet, Genetta genetta LC
      Family: Herpestidae (mongooses)
      Genus: Atilax
      Marsh mongoose, Atilax paludinosus LC
      Genus: Helogale
      Ethiopian dwarf mongoose, Helogale hirtula LC
      Common dwarf mongoose, Helogale parvula LC
      Genus: Herpestes
      Egyptian mongoose, Herpestes ichneumon LC
      Somalian slender mongoose, Herpestes ochraceus LC
      Common slender mongoose, Herpestes sanguineus LC
      Genus: Ichneumia
      White-tailed mongoose, Ichneumia albicauda LC
      Genus: Mungos
      Banded mongoose, Mungos mungo LC
      Family: Hyaenidae (hyaenas)
      Genus: Crocuta
      Spotted hyena, Crocuta crocuta LC
      Genus: Hyaena
      Striped hyena, Hyaena hyaena NT
      Genus: Proteles
      Aardwolf, Proteles cristatus LC
      Suborder: Caniformia
      Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
      Genus: Vulpes
      Rüppell's fox, Vulpes rueppelli
      Genus: Canis
      African golden wolf, Canis lupaster LC
      Genus: Lupulella
      Side-striped jackal, L. adusta LC
      Black-backed jackal, L. mesomelas LC
      Genus: Otocyon
      Bat-eared fox, Otocyon megalotis LC
      Genus: Lycaon
      African wild dog, Lycaon pictus EN
      Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
      Genus: Ictonyx
      Striped polecat, Ictonyx striatus LC
      Genus: Mellivora
      Honey badger, Mellivora capensis LC


      Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)



      The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe.

      Family: Equidae (horses etc.)
      Genus: Equus
      African wild ass, E. africanus CR presence uncertain
      Somali wild ass, E. a. somaliensis presence uncertain
      Grevy's zebra, E. grevyi EN extirpated
      Plains zebra, Equus quagga NT possibly extirpated
      Grant's zebra, E. q. boehmi possibly extirpated


      Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)



      The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

      Family: Suidae (pigs)
      Subfamily: Phacochoerinae
      Genus: Phacochoerus
      Desert warthog, Phacochoerus aethiopicus LR/lc
      Common warthog, Phacochoerus africanus LR/lc
      Subfamily: Suinae
      Genus: Potamochoerus
      Bushpig, Potamochoerus larvatus LR/lc
      Family: Hippopotamidae (hippopotamuses)
      Genus: Hippopotamus
      Hippopotamus, Hippopotamus amphibius VU
      Family: Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi)
      Genus: Giraffa
      Reticulated giraffe, Giraffa reticulata VU
      Family: Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
      Subfamily: Alcelaphinae
      Genus: Alcelaphus
      Hartebeest, A. busephalus LC extirpated
      Genus: Beatragus
      Hirola, Beatragus hunteri CR
      Genus: Damaliscus
      Topi, Damaliscus lunatus LR/cd
      Subfamily: Antilopinae
      Genus: Ammodorcas
      Dibatag, Ammodorcas clarkei VU
      Genus: Dorcatragus
      Beira, Dorcatragus megalotis VU
      Genus: Gazella
      Dorcas gazelle, Gazella dorcas VU
      Grant's gazelle, Gazella granti LR/cd
      Soemmerring's gazelle, Gazella soemmerringii VU
      Speke's gazelle, Gazella spekei VU
      Genus: Litocranius
      Gerenuk, Litocranius walleri LR/cd
      Genus: Madoqua
      Kirk's dik-dik, Madoqua kirkii LR/lc
      Silver dik-dik, Madoqua piacentinii VU
      Salt's dik-dik, Madoqua saltiana LR/lc
      Genus: Oreotragus
      Klipspringer, Oreotragus oreotragus LR/cd
      Genus: Ourebia
      Oribi, Ourebia ourebi LR/cd
      Subfamily: Bovinae
      Genus: Syncerus
      African buffalo, Syncerus caffer LR/cd
      Genus: Tragelaphus
      Lesser kudu, Tragelaphus imberbis LR/cd
      Bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus LR/lc
      Greater kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros LR/cd
      Subfamily: Cephalophinae
      Genus: Cephalophus
      Harvey's duiker, Cephalophus harveyi LR/cd
      Genus: Sylvicapra
      Common duiker, Sylvicapra grimmia LR/lc
      Subfamily: Hippotraginae
      Genus: Oryx
      East African oryx, Oryx beisa EN possibly extirpated
      Subfamily: Reduncinae
      Genus: Kobus
      Waterbuck, Kobus ellipsiprymnus LR/cd
      Family: Camelidae
      Genus: Camelus
      Dromedary, Camelus dromedarius LC


      See also


      Wildlife of Somalia
      List of chordate orders
      Lists of mammals by region
      List of prehistoric mammals
      Mammal classification
      List of mammals described in the 2000s


      Notes




      References


      "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Somalia". IUCN. 2001. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
      "Mammal Species of the World". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. 2005. Archived from the original on 27 April 2007. Retrieved 22 May 2007.
      "Animal Diversity Web". University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006. Retrieved 22 May 2007.

    Kata Kunci Pencarian: