- Source: List of sovereign states in the 1840s
- List of sovereign states in the 1840s
- Lists of political entities by century
- U.S. state defaults in the 1840s
- List of sovereign states in the 1850s
- List of sovereign states in the 1830s
- List of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850)
- List of proposed state mergers
- Timeline of national flags
- Sovereign (British coin)
- List of governors of dependent territories in the 19th century
This is a list of sovereign states in the 1840s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1840 and 31 December 1849. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes widely recognized sovereign states, entities which were de facto sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states.
Sovereign states
= A
=Abdelkader – Emirate of Abdelkader (to 1847)Capital: Tagdemt
Andorra – Principality of Andorra Capital: Andorra la Vella
Anhalt-Bernburg – Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg Capital: Bernburg
Anhalt-Dessau – Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau Capital: Dessau
Anhalt-Köthen – Duchy of Anhalt-Köthen Capital: Köthen
Ankole – Kingdom of Ankole
Annam – Empire of Annam Capital: Huế
Anziku – Anziku Kingdom Capital: Monsol
Argentina – Argentine Confederation Capital: Buenos Aires
Aro – Aro Confederacy Capital: Arochukwu
Ashanti – Asante Union Capital: Kumasi
Austria – Austrian Empire Capital: Vienna
= B
=Baden – Grand Duchy of Baden Capital: Karlsruhe
Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi Capital: Massenya
Bambara – Bambara Empire Capital: Ségou
Baol – Kingdom of Baol Capital: Diourbel
Basutoland – Kingdom of Basutoland Capital: Maseru
Bavaria – Kingdom of Bavaria Capital: Munich
Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium Capital: Brussels
Benin – Benin Empire Capital: Benin City
Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan Capital: Thimphu
Bolivia – Bolivian Republic (to October 28, 1836, from August 25, 1839) Capital: Sucre
Bornu – Bornu Empire Capital: Ngazargamu
Brazil – Empire of Brazil Capital: Rio de Janeiro
Bremen – Free City of Bremen
Brunei – Sultanate of Brunei Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan
Brunswick – Duchy of Brunswick Capital: Braunschweig
Buganda – Kingdom of Buganda Capital: Mengo
Bukhara – Emirate of Bukhara Capital: Bukhara
Bunyoro – Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara Capital: Hoima
Burma – Kingdom of Burma Capital: Ava
Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi Capital: Bujumbura
= C
=Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia Capital: Oudong
Cayor – Kingdom of Cayor Capital: Mboul
Chile – Republic of Chile Capital: Santiago
China – Great Qing Empire Capital: Beijing
Comancheria
Costa Rica Capital: San Jose
Free State of Costa Rica (to August 31, 1847)
Republic of Costa Rica (from August 31, 1848)
= D
=Dahomey – Kingdom of Dahomey Capital: Abomey
Dar al Kuti – Sultanate of Dar Al Kuti Capital: N'Délé
Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark Capital: Copenhagen
→ Dominican Republic – Dominican Republic (from February 27, 1844) Capital: Santo Domingo
= E
=Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador Capital: Quito
El Salvador – El Salvador Capital: San Salvador
Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire Capital: Addis Ababa
= F
=Fiji – Tui Viti Capital: Suva
→ → France Capital: Paris
Kingdom of France (to February 23, 1848)
French Republic (from February 23, 1848)
Frankfurt – Free City of Frankfurt Capital: Frankfurt am Main
Futa Jallon – Imamate of Futa Jallon Capital: Timbo
Futa Toro – Imamate of Futa Toro Capital: Orefonde
= G
=Garo – Kingdom of Garo
Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma Capital: Agaro
Greece – Kingdom of GreeceCapital: Athens
→ Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala Capital: Guatemala City
Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma
= H
=→ Haiti Capital: Port-au-Prince
Republic of Haiti (to August 26, 1849)
Empire of Haiti (from August 26, 1849)
Hamburg – Free city of HamburgCapital: Hamburg
Hanover – Kingdom of Hanover Capital: Hanover
→ Hawaii – Kingdom of Hawaii Capital: Lāhainā
Hesse-Darmstadt – Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine Capital: Darmstadt
Hesse-Homburg – Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg Capital: Bad Homburg
Hesse-Kassel – Electorate of Hesse Capital: Kassel
Hohenzollern-Hechingen – Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen Capital: Hechingen
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen – Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen Capital: Sigmaringen
Holstein – Duchy of Holstein Capital: Glückstadt
Honduras – Republic of Honduras Capital: Tegucigalpa
Hyderabad State – State of Hyderabad Capital: Hyderabad
= J
=Jabal Shammar – Emirate of Jabal Shammar Capital: Ha'il
Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero Capital: Fofa
Japan – Tokugawa shogunate Capital: Edo
Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma Capital: Jimma
Johor – Johor Sultanate Capital: Tanjung Puteri
Jolof – Jolof Kingdom Capital: Linguère
= K
=Kaabu – Kingdom of Kaabu Capital: Kansala
Kabul – Emirate of Kabul Capital: Kabul
Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa Capital: Anderaccha
Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom Capital: Sikasso
Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso Capital: Médine
Khiva – Khanate of Khiva Capital: Khiva
Kokand – Khanate of Kokand Capital: Kokand
Kong – Kong Empire Capital: Kong
Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo Capital: São Salvador
Korea – Kingdom of Great Joseon Capital: Hanseong
Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya Capital: Cape Mount
= L
=Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein Capital: Vaduz
Limburg – Duchy of Limburg
Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea Capital: Saqqa
Lippe – Principality of Lippe-Detmoldt Capital: Detmold
Loango – Kingdom of Loango Capital: Buali
Luba – Luba EmpireCapital: Mwibele
Lübeck – Free City of Lübeck Capital: Lübeck
Lunda – Lunda Empire
Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Capital: Luxembourg City
= M
=Maldives – Sultanate of Maldives Capital: Male
Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur Capital: Imphal
Massina – Massina Empire Capital: Hamdullahi
Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom Capital: Bulawayo
Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Capital: Schwerin
Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Capital: Neustrelitz
→ Mexico Capital: Mexico City
Centralist Republic (to August 22, 1846)
Second Federal Republic (from August 22, 1846)
Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao Capital: Cotabato City
Modena – Duchies of Modena and Reggio Capital: Modena
Moldavia – Principality of Moldavia Capital: Iași
Monaco – Principality of Monaco Capital: Monaco City
Montenegro – Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro Capital: Cetinje
Morocco – Sultanate of Morocco Capital: Fes
= N
=Nassau – Duchy of Nassau Capital: Wiesbaden
Natalia – Natalia Republic Capital: Pietermaritzburg (to May 12, 1843)
Nepal – Kingdom of Nepal Capital: Kathmandu
Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands Capital: Amsterdam
New Granada – Republic of New Granada Capital: Santa Fé de Bogotá
Nicaragua – Republic of NicaraguaCapital: Managua
Norway – Kingdom of Norway (in personal union with Sweden) Capital: Oslo
= O
=Oldenburg – Grand Duchy of Oldenburg Capital: Oldenburg (city)
→ Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State Capital: Constantinople
Ouaddai – Ouaddai Empire Capital: Abeche
Oyo – Oyo Empire Capital: Oyo Ile
= P
=Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang Capital: Kuantan
Papal States – States of the Church Capital: Rome
→ Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay Capital: Asuncion
Parma – Duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla Capital: Parma
Perak – Sultanate of Perak Capital: Ipoh
Persia – Persian Empire Capital: Tehran
Peru Capital: Lima
Foundational Period of the Republic (to August 16, 1842)
Military Anarchy (from August 16, 1842 to April 20, 1845)
Guano era (from April 20, 1845)
Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal Capital: Lisbon
Prussia – Kingdom of Prussia Capital: Berlin
Punjab – Sikh Empire Capital: Lahore
= R
=Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui
Reuss Elder Line – Principality of Reuss Elder Line Capital: Greiz
Reuss Junior Line – Principality of Reuss Junior Line Capital: Gera
Russia – Russian Empire Capital: St. Petersburg
Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda Capital: Nyanza, Rwanda
Ryūkyū Kingdom – Kingdom of Ryūkyū Capital: Shuri
= S
=Samoa – Kingdom of Samoa Capital: Apia
San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino Capital: San Marino
Sarawak – Kingdom of Sarawak (from September 24, 1841) Capital: Kuching
Sardinia – Kingdom of Sardinia Capital: Turin
Saxe-Altenburg – Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg Capital: Altenburg
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha – Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Capital: Coburg, Gotha
Saxe-Meiningen – Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen Capital: Meiningen
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach Capital: Weimar
Saxony – Kingdom of Saxony Capital: Dresden
Schaumburg-Lippe – Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe Capital: Bückeburg
Schleswig – Duchy of Schleswig Capital: Schleswig, Flensburg, Copenhagen
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt Capital: Rudolstadt
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen Capital: Sondershausen
Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor Capital: Shah Alam
Serbia – Principality of Serbia Capital: Belgrade
Siam – Kingdom of Siam Capital: Bangkok
Sikkim – Chogyalate of Sikkim Capital: Gangtok
Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate Capital: Sokoto
Spain – Kingdom of Spain Capital: Madrid
Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu Capital: Astana Putih
Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden (in personal union with Norway) Capital: Stockholm
Switzerland Capital: Bern
Swiss Confederation (to September 12, 1848)
Swiss Confederation (from September 12, 1848)
= T
=→ Tahiti – Kingdom of Tahiti Capital: Papeete
Tonga – Tu'i Tonga Capital: Nuku'alofa
Toro – Toro Kingdom
Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire Capital: Segou
Tuscany – Grand Duchy of Tuscany Capital: Florence
Two Sicilies – Kingdom of the Two Sicilies Capital: Naples
= U
=United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Capital: London
United States – United States of America Capital: Washington D.C.
United States of the Ionian Islands – United States of the Ionian Islands Capital: Corfu
Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay Capital: Montevideo
= V
=Venezuela – Republic of Venezuela Capital: Caracas
= W
=Waldeck-Pyrmont – Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont Capital: Arolsen
Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta Capital: Sodo
Württemberg – Kingdom of Württemberg Capital: Stuttgart
= Z
=Zululand – Kingdom of the Zulus Capital: kwaBulawayo, umGungundlovu, Ulundi
States claiming sovereignty
Aceh – Sultanate of AcehCapital: Kutaraja
Germany – German Empire (from March 28, 1848)Capital: Frankfurt
Goust – Republic of GoustCapital: Goust
Hungary – Hungarian State (from April 14 – August 13, 1849)Capital: Buda
Riogranda – Riograndense RepublicCapital: Piratini
Rio Grande – Republic of the Rio Grande (from January 17 – November 6, 1840)Capital: Laredo
Tavolara – Kingdom of TavolaraCapital: Tavolara
Texas – Republic of TexasCapital: Austin
Yucátan – Republic of Yucatán (from March 16, 1841)Capital: Mérida
See also
List of Bronze Age states
List of Iron Age states
List of Classical Age states
List of states during Late Antiquity
List of states during the Middle Ages