- Source: List of sovereign states in the 1850s
- List of sovereign states in the 1850s
- List of sovereign states in the 1840s
- Lists of political entities by century
- List of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850)
- List of governors of dependent territories in the 19th century
- Sovereign (British coin)
- Timeline of national flags
- List of United States presidential firsts
- List of wars involving the United States
- List of political parties in the United States
Sovereign states
= A
=Afghanistan – Emirate of Afghanistan (from 1855) Capital: Kabul
Andorra – Principality of Andorra Capital: Andorra la Vella
Angoche – Angoche Sultanate Capital: Angoche
Anhalt-Bernburg – Duchy of Anhalt-Bernburg Capital: Bernburg
Anhalt-Dessau – Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau Capital: Dessau
Anhalt-Köthen – Duchy of Anhalt-KöthenCapital: Köthen
Ankole – Kingdom of Ankole Capital: Mbarara
Annam – Empire of Annam Capital: Huế
Anziku – Anziku Kingdom Capital: Monsol
Argentina – Argentine Confederation Capital: Paraná, Entre Ríos (from 1853)
Aro – Aro Confederacy Capital: Arochukwu
Ashanti – Asante Union Capital: Kumasi
Aussa – Sultanate of Aussa Capital: Asaita
Austria – Austrian Empire Capital: Vienna
= B
=Baden – Grand Duchy of Baden Capital: Karlsruhe
Baguirmi – Kingdom of Baguirmi Capital: Massenya
Bamana – Bambara Empire Capital: Ségou
Baol – Kingdom of Baol Capital: Diourbel
Barotseland – Kingdom of Barotseland
Basutoland – Kingdom of Basutoland
Baté Empire – Baté Empire Capital: Kankan
Bavaria – Kingdom of Bavaria Capital: Munich
Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium Capital: Brussels
Benin – Benin Empire Capital: Benin City
Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan Capital: Thimphu
Bohemia – Kingdom of Bohemia Capital: Prague
→ Bolivia – Bolivian Republic Capital: La Paz
Bora Bora – Kingdom of Bora BoraCapital: Vaitape
Bornu – Bornu Empire Capital: Ngazargamu
→ Brazil – Empire of Brazil Capital: Rio de Janeiro
Bremen – Free City of Bremen
British India - Indian Empire Capital: Calcutta
Brunei – Sultanate of Brunei
Brunswick – Duchy of Brunswick
Buganda – Kingdom of Buganda
Bukhara – Emirate of Bukhara
Bundu - State of Bundu to 1858
Bunyoro – Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara
Burma – Kingdom of Burma
Burundi – Kingdom of Burundi
= C
=Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia
Cayor – Kingdom of Cayor
Central Italy – United Provinces of Central Italy (from December 8, 1859)
→ Chile – Republic of Chile
China – Great Qing Empire
Cook Islands → Rarotonga
Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica
Couto Misto
Croatia – Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg) (In Personal union with Kingdom of Hungary)
= D
=Dahomey – Kingdom of Dahomey
Dar al Kuti – Sultanate of Dar Al Kuti
Dendi – Dendi Kingdom
Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark
Dominican Republic – Dominican Republic
= E
=Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador
El Salvador – El Salvador
Ethiopia – Ethiopian Empire
= F
=Fiji – Tui Viti
Finland – Grand Duchy of Finland
France
French Republic (to December 2, 1852)
French Empire (from December 2, 1852)
Frankfurt – Free City of Frankfurt
Futa Jallon – Imamate of Futa Jallon
Futa Toro – Imamate of Futa Toro
= G
=Garhwal – Garhwal Kingdom
Garo – Kingdom of Garo
Gaza – Gaza Empire
Gera – Kingdom of Gera
Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma
Granadine Confederation – Granadine Confederation (from May 22, 1858)
Greece – Kingdom of Greece
→ → Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala
Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma
Gyaaman – State of Gyaaman
= H
=Ha'il – Emirate of Ha'il
→ Haiti
Empire of Haiti (to January 15, 1859)
Republic of Haiti (from January 15, 1859)
Hamburg – Free city of Hamburg
Hanover – Kingdom of Hanover
Hawaii – Kingdom of Hawaii
Hesse-Darmstadt – Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine
Hesse-Homburg – Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg
Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) – Electorate of Hesse
Hohenzollern-Hechingen – Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (to April 8, 1850)
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen – Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (to April 6, 1850)
Holstein – Duchy of Holstein
Honduras – Republic of Honduras
Huahine – Kingdom of Huahine
Hungary – Kingdom of Hungary
Huraa – Huraa dynasty
Hyderabad State (princely state of British India)
= J
=Janjero – Kingdom of Janjero
Japan – Tokugawa shogunate
Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma
Johor – Johor Sultanate
Jolof – Jolof Kingdom
= K
=Kaabu – Kingdom of Kaabu
Kabul – Emirate of Kabul (to 1855)
Kabulistan – Kingdom of Kabul (from 1858)
Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa
Kathiri – Kathiri Sultanate of Seiyun in Hadramaut
Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom
Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso
Khiva – Khanate of Khiva
Kokand – Khanate of Kokand
Kong – Kong Empire
Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo
→ Korea – Kingdom of Great Joseon
Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya
= L
=Liberia – Republic of Liberia
→ Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein
Limburg – Duchy of Limburg
Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea
Lippe – Principality of Lippe-Detmoldt
Loango – Kingdom of Loango
Lombardy–Venetia – Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
Luba – Luba Empire
Lubeck – Free City of Lubeck
Lunda – Lunda Empire
Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
= M
=Maldives – Sultanate of Maldives
Mangareva – Kingdom of Mangareva
Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur
Maryland – State of Maryland in Africa (from 29 May 1854 to 18 March 1857)
Massina – Massina Empire
Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom
Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Mexico – Republic of Mexico
Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao
Modena – Duchies of Modena and Reggio
Moldavia - Principality of Moldavia
Monaco – Principality of Monaco
→ Montenegro
Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro (to March 13, 1852)
Principality of Montenegro (from March 13, 1852)
Morocco – Sultanate of Morocco
Muscat and Oman – Sultanate of Muscat and Oman (from 1856)
= N
=Nassau – Duchy of Nassau
Negeri Sembilan – Negeri Sembilan
Nejd – Emirate of Nejd
Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal
Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands
New Granada – Republic of New Granada (renamed Granadine Confederation on May 22, 1858)
→ → Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua
Norway → Sweden and Norway
Nri – Kingdom of Nri
= O
=Oldenburg – Grand Duchy of Oldenburg
Orange Free State – Republic of Orange Free State (from February 17, 1854)
Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State
Ouaddai – Ouaddai Empire
Oyo – Oyo Empire
= P
=Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang
Papal States – States of the Church
Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay
Parma – Duchy of Parma, Piacenza and Guastalla (to December 8, 1859)
Perak – Sultanate of Perak
Persia – Sublime State of Persia
Peru – Peruvian Republic
Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal
Prussia – Kingdom of Prussia
= Q
=Qu'aiti – Qu'aiti Sultanate of Shihr and Muqalla in Hadramaut
= R
=Raiatea – Kingdom of Raiatea
Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui
Rarotonga – Kingdom of Rarotonga (from 1858)
Reuss Elder Line – Principality of Reuss Elder Line
Reuss Junior Line – Principality of Reuss Junior Line
→ Russia – Russian Empire
Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda
Ryūkyū Kingdom – Kingdom of Ryūkyū
= S
=Samoa – Kingdom of Samoa
San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino
Sarawak – Kingdom of Sarawak
Sardinia – Kingdom of Sardinia
Saxe-Altenburg – Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha – Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Saxe-Meiningen – Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
Saxony – Kingdom of Saxony
Schaumburg-Lippe – Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe
Schleswig – Duchy of Schleswig
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor
Serbia – Principality of Serbia
Siak Sri Indrapura – Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura (to 1858)
Siam – Kingdom of Siam
Sikkim – Chogyalate of Sikkim
Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate
South African Republic → Transvaal
Spain – Kingdom of Spain
Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu
Sweden → Sweden and Norway
Sweden and Norway – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
Switzerland – Swiss Confederation
= T
=Tahiti – Kingdom of Tahiti
Tonga – Tu'i Tonga
Toro – Toro Kingdom
Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire
Transvaal – South African Republic (from June 27, 1856)
Tuscany – Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Two Sicilies – Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
= U
=United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
→ United States – United States of America
United States of the Ionian Islands – United States of the Ionian Islands
Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay
= V
=→ → Venezuela
State of Venezuela (to 1856)
Republic of Venezuela (from 1856)
= W
=Waldeck-Pyrmont – Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta
Württemberg – Kingdom of Württemberg
= Y
=Yeke – Yeke Kingdom (from 1856)
= Z
=Zululand – Kingdom of Zululand
Non-sovereign territories
= Oldenburg
=Lordship of In- and Kniphausen, protectorate of Oldenburg to 1854.
= United Kingdom
=Cape Colony – Cape of Good Hope
States claiming sovereignty
Aceh – Sultanate of Aceh
Germany – German Empire (to November 29, 1850)
Goust – Republic of Goust
State of Buenos Aires (from September 11, 1852)
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom - Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (from January 11, 1851)
Tavolara – Kingdom of Tavolara