- Source: List of sovereign states in the 1860s
- List of sovereign states in the 1860s
- List of political entities in the 19th century
- Lists of political entities by century
- List of sovereign states in the 1850s
- Timeline of national flags
- List of governors of dependent territories in the 19th century
- List of state leaders in the 19th century (1801–1850)
- Commonwealth realm
- Banking in the United States
- List of historical unrecognized states
This is a list of sovereign states in the 1860s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1860 and 31 December 1869. It contains entries, arranged alphabetically, with information on the status and recognition of their sovereignty. It includes widely recognized sovereign states, entities which were de facto sovereign but which were not widely recognized by other states.
Sovereign states
= A
== F
=Frankfurt – Free City of Frankfurt (to October 8, 1866)
= G
=Garo – Kingdom of Garo
Gera – Kingdom of Gera
Gomma – Kingdom of Gomma
Granadine Confederation – Granadine Confederation (renamed New Granada on July 18, 1861)
Greece – Kingdom of Greece
Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala
Gumma – Kingdom of Gumma
= H
=Ha'il – Emirate of Ha'il
Haiti – Republic of Haiti
Hamburg – Free City of Hamburg (to 1867)
Hanover – Kingdom of Hanover (to September 20, 1866)
Hawaii – Kingdom of Hawaii
Hesse-Darmstadt – Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine
Hesse-Homburg – Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg (to 1866)
Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) – Electorate of Hesse (to 1866)
Holstein – Duchy of Holstein (to 1866)
→ Honduras – Republic of Honduras
Huahine – Kingdom of Huahine
= I
=Italy – Kingdom of Italy (from March 17, 1861)
= J
=Japan
Tokugawa shogunate (to January 3, 1868)
Empire of Japan (from January 3, 1868)
Jimma – Kingdom of Jimma
Jolof – Jolof Kingdom
= K
=Kaabu – Kingdom of Kaabu (to 1867)
Kaarta – Kingdom of Kaarta
Kabulistan – Kingdom of Kabul
Kaffa – Kingdom of Kaffa
Kashgaria – Kingdom of Kashgaria (from 1862)
Kénédougou – Kénédougou Kingdom
Khasso – Kingdom of Khasso
Khiva – Khanate
of Khiva
Kokand – Khanate of Kokand
Kong – Kong Empire
Kongo – Kingdom of Kongo
Korea – Kingdom of Great Joseon
Koya Temne – Kingdom of Koya
= L
=Liberia – Republic of Liberia
Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein
Limburg – Duchy of Limburg (to 1866)
Limmu-Ennarea – Kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea
Lippe – Principality of Lippe (to July 1, 1867)
Loango – Kingdom of Loango
Luba – Luba Empire
Lübeck – Free City of Lübeck (Lubeck) (to 1867)
Lunda – Lunda Empire
Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
= M
=Maguindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao
Maldives – Sultanate of Maldives
Manipur – Kingdom of Manipur
Massina – Massina Empire (to 1868)
Matabeleland – Matabele Kingdom
Mecklenburg-Schwerin – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (to July 1, 1867)
Mecklenburg-Strelitz – Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (to July 1, 1867)
→ → Mexico
Republic of Mexico (to April 10, 1864)
Mexican Empire (from April 10, 1864 to May 15, 1867)
United Mexican States (from May 1867)
Mindanao – Sultanate of Maguindanao
Monaco - Principality of Monaco
Montenegro – Principality of Montenegro
Morocco – Sultanate of Morocco
Muscat and Oman – Sultanate of Muscat and Oman
= N
=Nassau – Duchy of Nassau (to 1866)
Negeri Sembilan – Negeri Sembilan
Nepal - Kingdom of Nepal
Netherlands – Kingdom of The Netherlands
New Granada – United States of New Granada (July 18 to September 20, 1861)
Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua
North German Confederation – North German Confederation (from July 1, 1867)
= O
=Oldenburg – Grand Duchy of Oldenburg (to July 1, 1867)
Orange Free State – Republic of Orange Free State
Ottoman Empire – Sublime Ottoman State
Ouaddai – Ouaddai Empire
Oyo – Oyo Empire
= P
=Pahang – Sultanate of Pahang
Papal States – States of the Church
Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay
Perak – Sultanate of Perak
Persia – Persian Empire
Peru
Peruvian Republic (to 14 January 1866)
Peruvian Republic (from 14 January 1866)
Portugal – Kingdom of Portugal
Prussia – Kingdom of Prussia (to July 1, 1867)
= R
=Raiatea – Kingdom of Raiatea
Rapa Nui – Kingdom of Rapa Nui
Rarotonga – Kingdom of Rarotonga
Reuss Elder Line – Principality of Reuss Elder Line (to July 1, 1867)
Reuss Junior Line – Principality of Reuss Junior Line (to July 1, 1867)
→ Romania - United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia
Russia – Russian Empire
Rwanda – Kingdom of Rwanda
Ryukyu – Kingdom of Ryūkyū
= S
=Samoa – Kingdom of Samoa
→ San Marino – Most Serene Republic of San Marino
Sarawak – Kingdom of Sarawak
Sardinia – Kingdom of Sardinia (to March 17, 1861)
Saxe-Altenburg – Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg (to July 1, 1867)
Saxe-Coburg-Gotha – Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (to July 1, 1867)
Saxe-Lauenburg – Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg, also Duchy of Lauenburg
Saxe-Meiningen – Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach – Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (to July 1, 1867)
Saxony – Kingdom of Saxony (to July 1, 1867)
Schaumburg-Lippe – Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe (to July 1, 1867)
Schleswig – Duchy of Schleswig (to 1866)
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt – Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (to July 1, 1867)
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen – Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (to July 1, 1867)
Selangor – Sultanate of Selangor
Serbia – Principality of Serbia
Siam – Kingdom of Siam
Sikkim – Chogyalate of Sikkim
Sokoto – Sokoto Caliphate
Spain – Kingdom of Spain
Sulu – Sultanate of Sulu
Sweden and Norway – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway
Switzerland – Swiss Confederation
= T
=Tahiti – Kingdom of Tahiti
Tonga
Tu'i Tonga (to 1865)
Kingdom of Tonga (from 1865)
Toro – Toro Kingdom
Toucouleur – Toucouleur Empire
Transvaal – South African Republic
→ Two Sicilies – Kingdom of the Two Sicilies (to February 12, 1861)
= U
=United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
→ → → → United States – United States of America
Uruguay – Eastern Republic of Uruguay
= V
=→ Venezuela
Republic of Venezuela (to 1864)
United States of Venezuela (from 1864)
= W
=Waldeck-Pyrmont – Principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont (to July 1, 1867)
Welayta – Kingdom of Welayta
Württemberg – Kingdom of Württemberg
= Y
=Yeke – Yeke Kingdom
Yamma – Kingdom of Yamma
= Z
=Zanzibar – Sultanate of Zanzibar (from April 6, 1861)
Zululand – Kingdom of the Zulus
Non-sovereign territories
= United Kingdom
=Cape Colony – Cape of Good Hope
States claiming sovereignty
Aceh – Sultanate of Aceh
Alabama – Republic of Alabama (from January 11 to February 4, 1861)
Araucanía and Patagonia – Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia (from November 17, 1860 to January 5, 1862)
Arkansas – Republic of Arkansas (from May 6 to May 18, 1861)
Buenos Aires – State of Buenos Aires
→ → → → → Confederate States – Confederate States of America (from February 4, 1861 to May 5, 1865)
Couto Misto (to June 23, 1868)
Cuba – Republic of Cuba (from October 10, 1868)
Ezo – Republic of Ezo (from December 15, 1868 to June 27, 1869)
Florida – Republic of Florida (from January 10 to February 4, 1861)
Goust – Republic of Goust
Ionian Islands – United States of the Ionian Islands
Louisiana – Republic of Louisiana (from January 26 to February 4, 1861)
Manitobah – Republic of Manitobah (from June 1867 to 1868)
Mississippi – Republic of Mississippi (from January 9 to February 1, 1861)
North Carolina – Republic of North Carolina (from May 20 to May 21, 1861)
Polish-Lithuanian-Ruthenian Commonwealth (from January 22, 1863 to June 18, 1864)
→ South Carolina – Republic of South Carolina (from December 20, 1860 to February 8, 1861)
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom - Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (to July 1864)
Tennessee - Republic of Tennessee (from June 8 to July 2, 1861)
Tavolara – Kingdom of Tavolara
Texas – Republic of Texas (from February 1 to March 2, 1861)
Virginia – Republic of Virginia (from April 17 to May 7, 1861)