• Source: Mactridae

Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Venerida.




Description


These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded-cornered equilateral triangle and there is a slight gape at the posterior. Each valve bears two cardinal teeth with four lateral teeth on the right valve and two on the left. The foot is white and wedge-shaped. They mostly inhabit the neritic zone.




Ecology


Trough shells burrow in sand or fine gravel and never in muddy substrates.




Genera



According to the World Register of Marine Species (2012), this family contains 37 genera:

Anatina Schumacher, 1817
Austromactra Iredale, 1930
Barymactra Cossmann in Cossmann & Peyrot, 1909
Coelomactra Dall, 1895
Crassula Marwick, 1948
Cyclomactra Dall, 1895
Darina Gray, 1853
Diaphoromactra Iredale, 1930
Eastonia Gray, 1853
Harvella Gray, 1853
Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855
Huberimactra Cosel & Gofas, 2018
Leptospisula Dall, 1895
Lutraria Lamarck, 1799
Mactra Linnaeus, 1767
Mactrellona Marks, 1915
Mactrinula Gray, 1853
Mactromeris Conrad, 1868
Mactrotoma Dall, 1894
Maorimactra Finlay, 1928
Meropesta Iredale, 1929
Mulinia Gray, 1837
Oxyperas Mörch, 1853
†Pseudocardium Gabb, 1866
Raeta Gray, 1853
Rangia Desmoulins, 1832
Resania Gray, 1853
Scalpomactra Finlay [in Marwick], 1928
Scissodesma Gray, 1837
Simomactra Dall, 1894
Spisula Gray, 1837
Standella Gray, 1853
Tanysiphon Benson, 1858
Tresus Gray, 1853
Trinitasia Maury, 1928
Tumbeziconcha Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935
Zenatia Gray, 1853
Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963




References



Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1

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