• Source: Melanocortin 3 receptor

3/info/melanocortin" target="_blank">Melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3R) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MC3R gene.




Function


This gene encodes MC3R, a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) for melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) that is expressed in the brain. This gene maps to the same region as the locus for benign neonatal epilepsy. Mice deficient for this gene have increased fat mass, reduced lean mass and decreased food intake, all suggesting a role for the receptor in the regulation of energy homeostasis. MC3R mutations has been linked to reduced growth rate during childhood and a delay in the age of puberty onset.




Research


Studies performed by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), found that two specific polymorphisms in the MC3R gene may be associated with pediatric obesity and greater body mass because of greater energy intake. Children who were homozygous for C17A + G241A consumed approximately 38% more than those who did not contain aforementioned polymorphisms. The study concluded that these genetic variants did not affect energy expenditure.




Ligands


Ac-Val-Gln-(pI)DPhe-DTic-NH2, first MC3 selective agonist, 100x selectivity over MC4.
Ac-Val-Gln-DBip-DTic-NH2, 140x selectivity over MC4.
Pyrrolidine bis-cyclic guanidines, non-peptide small molecule MC3 agonists, good selectivity over MC4 but not over MC1 or MC5.
SHU-9119, mixed MC3/MC4 antagonist.




Evolution






= Paralogue

=
MC5R
MC4R
MC1R
MC2R
LPAR1
S1PR2
GPR12
S1PR1
GPR6
LPAR2
S1PR3
GPR3
GPR119
CNR1
LPAR3
S1PR5
S1PR4
CNR2




See also


3/info/melanocortin" target="_blank">Melanocortin receptor




References






Further reading






External links


"3/info/melanocortin" target="_blank">Melanocortin Receptors: MC3". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Melanokortin
• SIM1
• Kuda
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• Melanocortin 3 receptor
• Melanocortin receptor
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• Melanocortin 4 receptor
• Melanocortin
• ACTH receptor
• Melanocortin 5 receptor
• Melanocortin 2 receptor accessory protein
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• Rhodopsin-like receptors