- Source: Peace and Freedom Party
The Peace and Freedom Party (PFP) is a socialist political party in the United States which operates mostly in California. It was formed in 1966 from anti–Vietnam War and pro–civil rights movements.
PFP operates both as an organization unto itself and an umbrella organization in which socialist organizations compete to win PFP's ballot access.
Notable past and present members include Bob Avakian, Emmy Lou Packard, Byron Randall, and (briefly) Murray Rothbard.
Organization
= Members
=In January 2000, PFP had 75,277 registered voters. In February 2005, PFP had 67,238 registered voters. In January 2010, PFP had 55,036 registered voters. In January 2016, PFP had 75,579 registered voters.
In February 2019, PFP had 76,784 registered voters. In February 2021, PFP had 105,535 registered voters. In January 2024, PFP had 133,914 registered voters.
= Preference primaries
=Like many minor parties, PFP holds a non-binding "preference primary" for President. The PFP presidential candidate is ultimately selected by the PFP State Convention, at which only State Executive Committee (SEC) members can vote. The SEC is directly elected through write-ins in the California primary system every two years. The SEC had about 130 members in 2024 and 90 in 2008.
Since January 2001, California has had a "modified" closed primary system in which political parties can determine whether or not to allow voters who are not affiliated with any party, or No Party Preference, are allowed to participate in the party's primary. Since the 2004 primaries, PFP has never allowed "independent" voters to vote in their party's primaries.
Ideology
PFP is a socialist party "committed to feminism, [...] democracy, ecology, and racial equality", PFP strongly supports environmentalism, aboriginal rights, LGBT rights, abortion rights, public healthcare, public education, and subsidized housing.
History
= Founding
=After the 1967 Century City anti-Vietnam War march on June 23, 1967, anti-war and civil rights supporters began collecting petitions for the Peace and Freedom Party. PFP's founders opposed the Democratic Party's support for the war in Vietnam and saw the Democrats as failing to effectively support the civil rights movement.: 761 : 121
On January 2, 1968, PFP organizers submitted 105,100 signatures to receive party status in California.: 761 PFP has had ballot access in California since 1968, except between 1998 and 2002.: 128 In 2003, PFP became the first party in the history of California to regain its ballot status.
In 1968, PFP suffered a minor split: Dick Gregory and others split to create the Freedom and Peace Party (FPP), for which Gregory ran in the 1968 United States presidential election. The FPP collapsed after the 1968 election.
In 1971, progressives nationwide organized the People's Party. In 1972 and 1976, PFP endorsed the PP's candidates. After the PP dissolved in 1977, PFP continued in California.
In the 2006 California elections, two statewide Peace and Freedom Party candidates received more than the required vote, thus ensuring the party's ballot status for another four years (Elizabeth Cervantes Barron received 212,383 votes, 2.5% of the total, for Controller; and Tom Condit received 187,618 votes, 2.2% of the total, for Insurance Commissioner).
California's 2018 gubernatorial primary had statewide office candidates registered in the party. In the race for Insurance Commissioner, Peace and Freedom candidate Nathalie Hrizi received 316,149 votes, 5.0% of the total.
Election results
The PFP has fielded over 200 electoral candidates in the United States for local, state, and federal offices. PFP candidates usually run as official PFP candidates on their own ballot line.
No PFP candidate has yet won a contested election.: 121
= Presidential elections
=Convention votes:
Johnson is Citizen's Party
In 2016, both PFP's California state chair and Green candidate Jill Stein requested that the California Secretary of State allow Stein to be placed on the PFP party ballot, but this was rejected. Instead, PFP nominated Party for Socialism and Liberation candidate Gloria La Riva.
In 2012, Rocky Anderson won a plurality of delegates in PFP's non-binding preference primary, after failing to win enough votes to place his Justice Party on the ballot. However, Anderson failed to win representatives on the PFP's Central Committee, and withdrew 1 week before the convention. Instead, PFP backed Party for Socialism and Liberation's preferred candidate Roseanne Barr.
In 2008, PFP endorsed Independent Ralph Nader in his presidential campaign. Nader obtained enough signatures to appear on the ballot in Iowa and Utah as the Peace and Freedom Party candidate. This was the first expansion of the party beyond California since the 1970s. However, PFP did not obtain enough votes to guarantee ballot access in Iowa or Utah in subsequent elections.
In 2000, PFP did not qualify for the ballot in California.
In 1988, three factions within PFP — the Internationalist Workers Party, New Alliance Party, and Socialist Party USA plus Communist Party USA — sought the party's ballot line. They could not agree, and split the convention, which resulted in the Secretary of State voiding the PFP ballot line for the year.: 126–128
= Congressional elections
== Statewide elections
=National conventions
See also
American Left
Democratic Socialists of America
Green Party of the United States
Socialist Party of America
Party for Socialism and Liberation
History of the socialist movement in the United States
Notes
References
External links
Official website
The Real and Slightly Expurgated History of the PFP (through 2008)
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Liberalisme
- Demokrasi Islam
- Sosialisme demokratis
- Intervensi luar negeri libertarian
- Orang Māori
- Jepang
- Kementerian koalisi Asquith
- Kebangkitan dunia Arab
- Amerika Serikat
- Liam Neeson
- Peace and Freedom Party
- Third-party and independent candidates for the 2024 United States presidential election
- List of female United States presidential and vice presidential candidates
- Alliance for Peace and Freedom
- Party for Socialism and Liberation
- 2010 California Attorney General election
- 2006 United States Senate election in California
- Third-party and independent candidates for the 2016 United States presidential election
- Third-party and independent candidates for the 2012 United States presidential election
- Dick Gregory
