- Source: Political Security Directorate
The Political Security Directorate (PSD, Arabic: إدارة الأمن السياسي, romanized: Idarat al-Amn al-Siyasi) is an intelligence service of the Syrian government. It is divided into an Internal Security Department and an External Security Department. Intelligence division is affiliated to the Ministry of Interior. Its activities involve the surveillance of the satellite parties of National Progressive Front and is active against the Syrian opposition. It monitors literature, print publications, political dissent, and all media outlets. This intelligence service has been headed by Major General Ghaith Shafeeq Deeb since February 5, 2021.
Organization
The Political Intelligence Directorate is supervised by the Ministry of Interior. The PSD is also controlled by President Bashar al-Assad through the National Security Bureau of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party Central Command. It is divided into two departments:
Internal Security Department (ISD)
External Security Department (ESD)
Arab Affairs Branch
Refugee Affairs Branch
Zionist and Jewish Affairs Branch
Directors
Ahmad Sa'id Salih (past—1987)
Adnan Badr Hassan (1987–2002)
Ghazi Kanaan (2002–2004)
Muhammad Mansoura (2004–2009)
Mohammed Dib Zaitoun (2009 – 25 July 2012)
Rustum Ghazali (25 July 2012 – 24 April 2015)
Head of Investigative branch: Brig. Gen. Makhmoud al-Khattib (2011).
Head of Operations branch: Brig. Gen. Mohamed Heikmat Ibrahim (2011).
Nasser Muhammad Al-Ali (24 April 2015–2017)
Mohammad Khaled al-Rahmoun (2017–26 November 2018)
Hossam Louka (26 November 2018–July 2019)
Nasser Muhammad Al-Ali (July 2019–5 February 2021)
Ghaith Shafeeq Deeb (5 February 2021–present)
= Regional Directors
=Rif Dimashq branch: Brig. Gen. Sameer al-Sheikh (1993–2005)
Daraa branch: Brig. Gen. Atef Najib (2011), the European Union sanctioned him for "being responsible for the violence against protesters in Daraa during the Syrian uprising". He was replaced by Brig. Gen. Nasser Al-Ali.
Other Syrian intelligence agencies
General Intelligence Directorate
Military Intelligence Directorate
Air Force Intelligence Directorate
References
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
- Robert Mikac
- Kementerian Pertahanan (Israel)
- Taliban
- Perang Dingin
- Hizbul Mujahideen
- Negara Islam Irak dan Syam
- Perjanjian UKUSA
- Pemerkosaan
- Mumbai
- Penyebaran Salafi dan Wahabi internasional
- Political Security Directorate
- State Political Directorate
- Joint State Political Directorate
- Hossam Louka
- Main Directorate of State Security
- Directorate for State Security (Yugoslavia)
- General Intelligence Directorate (Syria)
- Ministry of State Security (Soviet Union)
- List of intelligence agencies
- List of secret police organizations
