• Source: Saponaria

Saponaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, native to Asia and Europe, and are commonly known as soapworts. They are herbaceous perennials and annuals, some with woody bases. The flowers are abundant, five-petalled and usually in shades of pink or white. The genus is closely related to the genus Silene, being distinguished from these by having only two (not three or five) styles in the flower. It is also related to Gypsophila, but its calyx is cylindrical rather than bell-shaped.
The most familiar species might be common soapwort (S. officinalis), which is native to Eurasia but is known in much of the world as an introduced species, often a weed, and sometimes a cultivated ornamental plant. The genus name Saponaria derives from the Latin sapo ("soap") and -aria ("pertaining to"), and at least one species, S. officinalis, has been used to make soap. It contains saponins, and a liquid soap can be produced by soaking the leaves in water. This soap is still used to clean delicate antique tapestries. It is also sometimes stated that it is used as an emulsifier in Turkish delight confections, but this is a case of double confusion. The roots of plants in genus Gypsophila are used to make the Turkish confection helva and Saponaria species are not used.
Saponaria species are eaten by the larvae of some butterflies and moths, including the Lychnis and Coleophora saponariella, which is exclusive to the genus.




Diversity


There are thirty to forty species in the genus.
Plants of the World Online accepts 39 species:

Saponaria aenesia Heldr.
Saponaria bargyliana Gomb.
Saponaria bellidifolia Sm.
Saponaria biovulata (Stapf) Barkoudah
Saponaria bodeana Boiss.
Saponaria caespitosa DC.
Saponaria calabrica Guss.
Saponaria cerastoides Fisch. ex C.A.Mey.
Saponaria cypria Boiss.
Saponaria dalmasi H.Boissieu
Saponaria emineana Gemici & Kit Tan
Saponaria glutinosa M.Bieb.
Saponaria griffithiana Boiss.
Saponaria gypsacea Vved.
Saponaria halophila Hedge & Hub.-Mor.
Saponaria iranica Dashti, Assadi & Sharifnia
Saponaria jagelii Phitos & Greuter
Saponaria karapinarensis Vural & Adıgüzel
Saponaria kotschyi Boiss.
Saponaria lutea L.
Saponaria mesogitana Boiss.
Saponaria ocymoides L.
Saponaria officinalis L.
Saponaria orientalis L.
Saponaria pachyphylla Rech.f.
Saponaria pamphylica Boiss. & Heldr.
Saponaria picta Boiss.
Saponaria pinetorum Hedge
Saponaria prostrata Willd.
Saponaria pumila Janch.
Saponaria pumilio Boiss.
Saponaria sewerzowii Regel & Schmalh.
Saponaria sicula Raf.
Saponaria stenopetala Rech.f.
Saponaria subrosularis Rech.f.
Saponaria suffruticosa Nábělek
Saponaria syriaca Boiss.
Saponaria tadzhikistanica (Botsch.) V.A.Shultz
Saponaria tridentata Boiss.




References






External links


Saponaria. ITIS.

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Langir
• Quillaja
• Sengon
• Chili
• Caryophyllaceae
• Daftar spesies tumbuhan dalam genus Albizia
• Ma'amoul
• Sodot
• Zat antinutrisi pada pakan
• Weru
• Saponaria
• Quillaja saponaria
• Sapindus saponaria
• Saponaria officinalis
• Aloe maculata
• Saponaria ocymoides
• Saponaria pumila
• Saponin
• Gypsophila vaccaria
• Derambila saponaria