antiprotozoal

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      Antiprotozoal agents (ATC code: ATC P01) is a class of pharmaceuticals used in treatment of protozoan infection.
      A paraphyletic group, protozoans have little in common with each other. For example, Entamoeba histolytica, a unikont eukaryotic organism, is more closely related to Homo sapiens (humans), which also belongs to the unikont phylogenetic group, than it is to Naegleria fowleri, a "protozoan" bikont. As a result, agents effective against one pathogen may not be effective against another.
      Antiprotozoal agents can be grouped by mechanism or by organism. Recent papers have also proposed the use of viruses to treat infections caused by protozoa.
      Overuse or misuse of antiprotozoals can lead to the development of antiprotozoal resistance.


      Medical uses


      Antiprotozoals are used to treat protozoal infections, which include amebiasis, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis, malaria, babesiosis, trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, and toxoplasmosis. Currently, many of the treatments for these infections are limited by their toxicity.


      Outdated terminology


      Protists were once considered protozoans, but of late the categorization of unicellar organisms has undergone rapid development, however in literature, including scientific, there tends to persist the usage of the term antiprotozoal when they really mean anti-protist. Protists are a supercategory of eukaryota which includes protozoa.


      Mechanism


      The mechanisms of antiprotozoal drugs differ significantly drug to drug. For example, it appears that eflornithine, a drug used to treat trypanosomiasis, inhibits ornithine decarboxylase, while the aminoglycoside antibiotic/antiprotozoals used to treat leishmaniasis are thought to inhibit protein synthesis.


      Examples


      Eflornithine
      Furazolidone
      Hydroxychloroquine
      Melarsoprol
      Metronidazole
      Nifursemizone
      Nitazoxanide
      Ornidazole
      Paromomycin sulfate
      Pentamidine
      Pyrimethamine
      Quinapyramine
      Ronidazole
      Tinidazole


      References

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    Antiprotozoal - Wikipedia

    Antiprotozoals are used to treat protozoal infections, which include amebiasis, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, microsporidiosis, malaria, babesiosis, trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, and toxoplasmosis. [6] . Currently, many of the treatments for these infections are limited by their toxicity. [7]

    Antiprotozoal drug | Uses, Types & Side Effects | Britannica

    Antiprotozoal drug, any agent that kills or inhibits the growth of organisms known as protozoans. Protozoans cause a variety of diseases, including malaria and Chagas’ disease. While protozoans typically are microscopic, they are similar to plants and animals in …

    Antiprotozoal Agents: Drug Class, Uses, Side Effects, Drug Names - RxList

    Antiprotozoal agents are a class of drugs used to treat infections caused by protozoa, which are single-cell organisms, belonging to a group of parasites. Learn about how they work, usages, side effects, and a list of drugs.

    Antiprotozoal Drugs Nursing Pharmacology Study Guide - Nurseslabs

    May 4, 2024 · Antiprotozoals are agents used to treat protozoan infections. Protozoan infections are common in tropical areas. Protozoans are single-celled organisms that pass through several stages in their life cycles, including at least one phase as a human parasite.

    Antiprotozoal therapies - UpToDate

    Oct 31, 2023 · Protozoan parasites belong to four distinct groups: the amebae, the flagellates, the ciliates, and the sporozoa. Protozoa are single-celled organisms that replicate by various mechanisms within the infected host. The mechanisms of action of the various agents used to treat protozoan parasites are relatively poorly understood [1,2].

    Antiprotozoal Drugs - Encyclopedia.com

    Antiprotozoal drugs are used to treat a variety of diseases caused by protozoa. Protozoa are animal-like, one-celled animals, such as amoebas. Some are parasites that cause infections in the body.

    Antiprotozoal Drugs - Medical Dictionary

    Antiprotozoal drugs are used to treat a variety of diseases caused by protozoa. Protozoa are animal-like, one-celled animals, such as amoebas. Some are parasites that cause infections in the body. African sleeping sickness, giardiasis, amebiasis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), and malaria are examples of diseases caused by protozoa.

    Antiprotozoal Drugs Nursing Considerations & Management

    Antiprotozoals are agents used to treat protozoan infections. Protozoan infections are common in tropical areas. Protozoans are single-celled organisms that pass through several stages in their life cycles, including at least one phase as a human parasite.

    Understanding Antiprotozoal Agents For Improved Health

    Sep 16, 2024 · Antiprotozoal agents are drugs that specifically target protozoa, which are single-celled parasites that can cause various diseases in humans. These agents are commonly used to treat conditions such as malaria, amoebiasis, giardiasis, and trichomoniasis.

    Antiprotozoal Drugs - PMC

    Nitazoxanide is an antiprotozoal agent most commonly used in the treatment of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or Giardia lamblia but can also be used to treat Clostridium difficile infections.