evisceration ophthalmology

      Evisceration (ophthalmology) GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      Ocular evisceration is the removal of the eye's contents, leaving the scleral shell and extraocular muscles intact. The procedure is usually performed to reduce pain, improve cosmetic appearance in a blind eye, treat cases of endophthalmitis unresponsive to antibiotics, or in the case of ocular trauma. An ocular prosthetic can be later fitted over the eviscerated eye in order to improve cosmetic appearance.
      Background

      Evisceration is a surgical procedure that involves the removal the eye's contents while leaving the white part of the eye (the scleral shell) and extraocular muscles in place. Evisceration differs from enucleation, as enucleation involves the removal of the scleral shell as well. Evisceration was first described by Bear in 1817 as an experimental treatment for expulsive hemorrhage, and with the advent of general anesthesia in the 1840’s the procedure was refined and ocular implants were developed.
      Indications
      Evisceration involves disrupting the integrity of the globe, and therefore is not typically used in patients with intraocular cancers as it may risk spreading cancerous cells to other parts of the body. The most common indications for evisceration include a blind painful eye, trauma, or infection.
      Pre-Operative Evaluation
      Prior to surgery, the eye must be carefully examined by an ophthalmologist to check for ocular cancer or other conditions that may complicate the procedure. If the back of the eye cannot be visualized, then a CT scan should be performed. If neither clinical evaluation nor imaging can rule out cancer, then enucleation may be considered as an alternative to prevent the possibility of malignant spread.
      Surgical Technique
      The surgery is performed in the operating room typically under general anesthesia, however it can also be conducted using local anesthesia with sedation. Procedure time is typically one to two hours.
      Prior to surgery, the correct eye must be marked and verified. The patient is anesthetized, the field is sterilized, then draped in a sterile manner. An eyelid speculum is placed to keep the eyelids open during the surgery. The procedure begins with a 360° periotomy followed by a stab incision in the sclera. The incision is then expanded around the limbus circumferentially and the orbital contents are removed using an evisceration spoon. The optic disc is then cauterized and the scleral shell is cleaned. A spherical implant is then inserted into the scleral shell and the shell is sutured together, encasing the implant. The intraocular contents may be sent for pathological examination once removed.
      Post-Operation
      After the surgery, strenuous physical activity should be avoided until cleared by a physician. Contaminated bodies of water, such as pools, lakes, and the ocean should be avoided. The surgeon will typically provide instructions on bathing, as tap water may also be contaminated.
      Post-operative pain may be controlled with either prescription medications or over the counter pain relievers. Some patients may be given steroids or antibiotics depending on the indication for the surgery and surgeon preference.
      Prostheses
      Once the operating surgeon determines that the orbit has healed adequately, an ocularist can custom fit a prosthetic eye to improve cosmetic appearance. This will typically occur 6-8 weeks post-op. With proper care, prosthetic eyes can last decades.
      Possible Complications
      As with any surgery, evisceration may be complicated by bleeding, swelling, infection, and scarring. Although these complications are rare, a doctor should be consulted regarding any pre-existing conditions or current medications that may increase the chance of surgical complications. There are also risks with general anesthesia, especially in patients with certain pre-existing health conditions. In addition, patients may experience eyelid droopiness and complications related to the ocular implant. Eyelid droopiness may require additional surgery for correction.


      See also


      Enucleation of the eye
      Eye surgery
      Oculoplastics


      References




      External links


      Surgical photos

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    Eye Removal Surgery: Enucleation and Evisceration

    Nov 20, 2019 · During an evisceration, the cornea (clear, dome-shaped window at the front of the eye) and the contents of the eye are removed. The white part of the eye (the scleral shell) and the eye muscles are left intact.

    Evisceration - EyeWiki

    Evisceration is a surgical technique by which all intraocular contents are removed while preserving the remaining scleral shell, extraocular muscle attachments, and surrounding orbital adnexa. The surgery often includes placement of an implant into the evisceration cavity to maintain appropriate orbital volume.

    Evisceration: Procedure Details & Recovery - Cleveland Clinic

    Evisceration of the eye is an eye removal surgery that treats painful and blind eyes. Your surgeon will remove most of the contents of your eye but will leave the scleral shell. An ocularist can make a custom design for your artificial eye.

    Evisceration (ophthalmology) - Wikipedia

    Evisceration is a surgical procedure that involves the removal the eye's contents while leaving the white part of the eye (the scleral shell) and extraocular muscles in place. [4] Evisceration differs from enucleation, as enucleation involves the removal of the scleral shell as well.

    What to Know About Surgery to Remove an Eye - WebMD

    Dec 30, 2024 · In evisceration, the surgeon removes the cornea and contents of the eye, leaving the sclera (the white part of the eye) and the eye muscles intact. They then insert an implant into the...

    Enucleation and Evisceration: What to Expect - University of Iowa

    Sep 17, 2018 · An evisceration removes the intraocular contents (light blue) while preserving the remaining scleral shell, extraocular muscle attachments, and surrounding orbital tissues. Figure 2b. This graphic highlights the tissues removed during an enucleation.

    Enucleation and Evisceration | Kellogg Eye Center | Michigan …

    What is enucleation and evisceration? Enucleation and evisceration are terms that refer to surgery to remove the eye from the eye socket or orbit. Enucleation is the surgical removal of the entire eyeball leaving behind the lining of the eyelids and muscles of the eye.

    Evisceration - Wicha Lab

    Evisceration is a surgery that removes the contents of the eye, but leaves the white part of the eye (sclera) and the muscle around the eye in place. The procedure may be recommended in cases of severe eye injury, pain in a blind eye, or severe infection. What should I …

    Enucleation and evisceration: indications, complications and ...

    Apr 17, 2014 · To assess main indications, postoperative complications and clinicopathological correlation of ocular enucleation-evisceration. A total of 107 subjects who underwent enucleation and/or evisceration and received hydroxyapatite implants (Scleral wrap or mesh) were assessed.

    Understanding Evisceration: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

    Evisceration is a surgical procedure in ophthalmology where the contents of the eye are removed, leaving the outer shell, including the sclera and sometimes the cornea, intact. It is typically performed to alleviate pain or to manage severe ocular conditions.