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- Gaza envelope - Wikipedia
- Ghazza, Aza: what’s the story of the Gaza “envelope”? - Medium
- In battle-weary Gaza envelope, annual anemone event seeks to …
- Understanding the Gaza Envelope: A region shaped by history
- The Geography of Conflict: Understanding the Israeli ... - GV Wire
- Visiting the Gaza Envelope - The Times of Israel
- The Origins of the Gaza Strip, and the Israeli Communities
- October 7th Gaza Envelope Memorial: Places You Must Visit
- Gaza Envelope Mapped - Jewish Journal
- FAQ: Gaza and Israel - theicenter.org
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This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
The Gaza envelope (Hebrew: עוטף עזה, otef aza) encompasses the populated areas in the Southern District of Israel that are within 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) of the Gaza Strip border and are therefore within range of mortar shells and Qassam rockets launched from the Gaza Strip.
History
The border between Israel and the Gaza Strip was established in the 1949 Armistice Agreement between Israel and Egypt, signed at the end of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and was further defined in the agreement of February 1950. Many settlements on the Israeli side of the border (such as Sa'ad and Nirim) were established even before that, while others (such as Sderot and Nahal Oz) were founded not long after the demarcation of the border. However, the term "Gaza envelope" has been applied to these communities only in the 21st century.
Following Israel's unilateral disengagement from the Gaza Strip in 2005, there was an increase in cross-border shelling and rocket attacks into Israel. Data collected by the Israeli Security Agency showed an increase in shelling from 401 shells in 2005 rising year-on-year to 2,048 in 2008 before falling back to 569 in 2009. In response to the increase in shelling, in 2007 the Knesset passed the "Assistance to Sderot and the Western Negev (Temporary Provision) Law, 2007", which recognized these communities (and additional communities in the area designated by the Minister of Finance's order) as "Confrontation-line Communities" and gave them special privileges (temporarily, until the end of 2008). Additional legislative measures extended the validity of some of the benefits, with certain changes, until the end of 2014. This area came to be known colloquially as the "Gaza envelope."
In June 2014, it was reported that the Home Front Command decided to cut the budget of the Coordinators of Comprehensive Security ("Ravshatzim") in communities in the Gaza envelope. Leaders of the authorities in the Gaza envelope turned to the Minister of Defense, Moshe Ya'alon, in a letter to cancel this decision. Shortly thereafter, the 2014 Gaza War began, during which the communities in the Gaza envelope were subjected to rocket and mortar attacks. In addition, combat tunnels were exposed, penetrating from the Gaza Strip into Israel, and there were several incidents where militants entered through the tunnels and attacked IDF soldiers. As a result of the fighting, many residents evacuated their homes.
In the 2014 Gaza War, impacts to residents in the Gaza envelope was greater than that of other Israeli citizens, due to their exposure to short-range rocket fire, extensive mortar shelling, and several casualties. Another threat to the residents of the Gaza periphery was the underground tunnels from the Gaza Strip into Israel. Many such tunnels were destroyed in the 2014 Gaza War, and the excavation and destruction continued in the years that followed.
After several years of calm following the 2014 Gaza War, during which plans were made for the emergency evacuation of communities in the Gaza envelope, on March 30, 2018, clashes began at the Gaza–Israel barrier – a series of mass protests in the Gaza Strip.
As part of the protests, Palestinian activists and militants clashed with the Israel Defense Forces near the system fence around the Gaza Strip. Thousands of Palestinians approached the fence, with some throwing stones and Molotov cocktail and explosive devices. The events continued since then, including the launching of incendiary kites from the Gaza Strip into Israel with the aim of igniting areas beyond the fence. As a result hundreds of fires occurred in the Gaza envelope, burning hundreds of hectares of fields and forests, as well as agricultural facilities.
In August 2018, hundreds of rockets and mortar shells were fired towards communities in the Gaza envelope.
= Hamas attack in 2023 and rebuilding
=In the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, militants from the Gaza Strip infiltrated many communities in the Gaza envelope, killing and assaulting thousands of people, as well as kidnapping hundreds including the elderly, children, babies, and pregnant women, and causing extensive damage. Over 1,200 rockets were fired at the city of Ashkelon as of October 24. Therefore Ashkelon was designated as a community whose residents and business owners are entitled to compensation from the state also for indirect war damage caused to them for one year.
The attack by Hamas initiated the 2023 Israel–Hamas war. Most residents were evacuated to various locations throughout Israel, while there was also a gradual reopening of operations in the different communities. The attack solidified a breakdown in trust between Gaza envelope residents and the Israeli state, as residents blame the state for failing to protect them from years of rocket fire and ultimately, infiltration by Palestinian armed militants. Many residents expressed unwillingness to return to their homes until full security was ensured by the Israeli state.
The Israeli government on October 19 created a new agency called the Tekuma (Revival) Administration to rebuild the communities devastated by the October 7 attacks. The agency had a 5-year mandate and was headed by Moshe Edri, chairman of the Israel Atomic Energy Commission, who reported directly to Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. The agency's focus was the regional councils within 7 kilometers of Gaza: Eshkol, Hof Ashkelon, Sdot Negev, and Sha’ar HaNegev. The government allocated $308 million to the agency, charged with physically rebuilding the destroyed areas, improve trust in the government, and serve as a "unified central response."
The Israeli government subsequently approved a 5-year $4.9 billion plan to rehabilitate and develop the Gaza envelope area. Returning residents who receive up to $275,000, depending on how close to the border they live, and new residents would be eligible for up to $137,000. The plan called for a discount on the municipal property tax, a temporary corporate tax cut, and preferential treatment for local vendors.
Gaza envelope communities
The following communities were included in the list of communities in southern confrontation line area, published by the Israel Tax Authority:
See also
Gaza–Israel barrier
Palestinian airborne arson attacks
References
Kata Kunci Pencarian:
30 Israel Gaza Envelope Images, Stock Photos, 3D objects, & Vectors ...
Gaza Envelope Stock Photos and Pictures - 1 Images | Shutterstock
Help The Gaza Envelope Communities - Jewish National Fund
Gaza Envelope Mapped
Gaza Envelope Devastation Mapped - The Media Line
Our New Community: Refugees From the Gaza Envelope
Visiting the Gaza Envelope: Destruction in Our Times - The Jewish Link
Gaza Envelope tour (the Israeli area bordering the Gaza strip) - Israel ...
Israel Seeks to Establish Security Envelope Along Gaza Border
Gaza Envelope Tour | Exclusive Israel Tours
In the shadow of Gaza: Israel and Hezbollah Push the Envelope | Wilson ...
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Gaza envelope - Wikipedia
The Gaza envelope (Hebrew: עוטף עזה, otef aza) [1] encompasses the populated areas in the Southern District of Israel that are within 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) of the Gaza Strip border and are …
Ghazza, Aza: what’s the story of the Gaza “envelope”? - Medium
Jan 8, 2024 · If you’ve followed the news out of southern Israel and Gaza since October 7, you might have come across the new term “Gaza envelope,” which refers to Israeli territory within …
In battle-weary Gaza envelope, annual anemone event seeks to …
Feb 1, 2025 · The communities of Otef Aza, the Gaza Envelope, are surrounded by fields of flowers during February and March, offering a red-hued contrast to the usual browns and …
Understanding the Gaza Envelope: A region shaped by history
Oct 7, 2023 · Israel established the "Gaza Envelope," a buffer zone along the land borders with the Strip, housing approximately 55,000 settlers. Most of these settlers are from Eastern …
The Geography of Conflict: Understanding the Israeli ... - GV Wire
Dec 7, 2023 · The term “Gaza Envelope” refers to over 50 communities situated close to the Gaza Strip, housing approximately 70,000 residents. These communities have been strategically …
Visiting the Gaza Envelope - The Times of Israel
Nov 27, 2024 · In Gaza, Israel’s control over the Philadelphi Corridor at the Rafah border crossing with Egypt would starve the remaining Hamas fighters of weapons, while in southern Lebanon …
The Origins of the Gaza Strip, and the Israeli Communities
Oct 13, 2023 · Hamas’ near-total control of life within the Strip began two years later, and since then, there have been frequent short wars (“operations,” in Israeli terms) every few years. And …
October 7th Gaza Envelope Memorial: Places You Must Visit
Apr 20, 2024 · What is the Gaza Envelope? The Gaza Envelope (in Hebrew ‘Otef Aza’) is a region that incorporates all of the communities in the South of Israel which lie within 7 km of the Gaza …
Gaza Envelope Mapped - Jewish Journal
Oct 25, 2023 · Following the terror attack and with the eruption of the resultant war, about 60,000 people were evacuated from the Gaza envelope towns, which are now under heavy rocket fire …
FAQ: Gaza and Israel - theicenter.org
The Gaza Envelope ( עוטף עזה , Otef Aza in Hebrew), or Gaza border zone, refers to the few dozen Israeli communities that are located within 4.5 miles from the Gaza Strip. Sderot, a city …