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      House dust mites (HDM, or simply dust mites) are various species of acariform mites belonging to the family Pyroglyphidae that are found in association with dust in dwellings. They are known for causing allergies.


      Biology




      = Species

      =
      The currently known species are:

      Blomia tropicalis
      Dermatophagoides farinae (American house dust mite)
      Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (European house dust mite)
      Dermatophagoides evansi
      Dermatophagoides microceras
      Dermatophagoides halterophilus
      Dermatophagoides siboney
      Dermatophagoides neotropicalis
      Dermatophagoides alexfaini
      Dermatophagoides anisopoda
      Dermatophagoides chirovi
      Dermatophagoides deanei
      Dermatophagoides rwandae
      Dermatophagoides scheremeteroskyi
      Dermatophagoides scheremetewskyi
      Dermatophagoides simplex
      Euroglyphus maynei (Mayne's house dust mite)
      Euroglyphus longior
      Hirstia domicola
      Malayoglyphus carmelitus
      Malayoglyphus intermedius
      Pyroglyphus africanus
      Sturnophagoides brasiliensis
      Suidasia pontifica


      = Taxonomy

      =
      The dust mites are cosmopolitan members of the mite family Pyroglyphidae.


      = Characteristics

      =

      House dust mites, due to their very small size and translucent bodies, are barely visible to the unaided eye. A typical house dust mite measures 0.2–0.3 mm in length. The body of the house dust mite has a striated cuticle.
      House dust mite faecal pellets range from 10 to 40 μm.


      = Diet

      =
      Dust mites feed on skin flakes from humans and other animals, and on some mold. Dermatophagoides farinae fungal food choices in 16 tested species commonly found in homes was observed in vitro to be Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, and Wallemia sebi, and they disliked Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus versicolor, and Stachybotrys chartarum.


      = Predators

      =
      The predators of dust mites are other allergenic mites (Cheyletiella), silverfish and pseudoscorpions.


      = Reproduction

      =
      The average life cycle for a house dust mite is 65–100 days. A mated female house dust mite can live up to 70 days, laying 60 to 100 eggs in the last five weeks of her life. In a 10-week life span, a house dust mite will produce approximately 2,000 fecal particles and an even larger number of partially digested enzyme-covered dust particles.


      = Distribution

      =
      Dust mites are found worldwide, but are more common in humid regions. The species Blomia tropicalis is typically found only in tropical or subtropical regions. Detectable dust mite allergen was found in the beds of about 84% of surveyed United States homes. In Europe, detectable Der p 1 or Der f 1 allergen was found in 68% of surveyed homes.


      Health issues




      = Asthma

      =
      House dust mite antigens are strongly associated with asthma development and severity; they are estimated to contribute to 60–90% of cases.


      = Allergies

      =

      Tropomyosin, the major allergen in dust mites, is also responsible for shellfish allergy.


      = Oral mite anaphylaxis

      =
      Dermatophagoides spp. can cause oral mite anaphylaxis (AKA pancake syndrome) when found in flour.


      See also


      Arthropods portal


      References




      External links



      Dust Mite Allergy on the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America website

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    2,720 House dust mite Images, Stock Photos & Vectors | Shutterstock

    2,720 House dust mite Images, Stock Photos & Vectors | Shutterstock

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    House dust mite - Wikipedia

    House dust mite - Wikipedia

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    House dust mite — insects, biology - Stock Photo | #160218392

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    House Dust Mite | Pest Information & Prevention Tips

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    A house dust mite stock illustration. Illustration of house - 137361896

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    House Dust Mite Stock Photo - Alamy

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    Blog - Dr. Chris Hobbs ENT Head, Neck & Thyroid Surgeon - Ear Nose ...

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    Dust mite allergy - Symptoms & causes - Mayo Clinic

    Jul 31, 2021 · Dust mite allergy is an allergic reaction to tiny bugs that commonly live in house dust. Signs of dust mite allergy include those common to hay fever, such as sneezing and runny nose. Many people with dust mite allergy also experience signs of asthma, such as wheezing and difficulty breathing.

    Dust mite allergy - Diagnosis & treatment - Mayo Clinic

    Jul 31, 2021 · If you suspect that you may have dust mite allergy, take steps to reduce house dust, particularly in your bedroom. Keep your bedroom clean, remove dust-collecting clutter and wash bedding in hot water that is at least 130 F (54.4 C).

    Home Remedies: Dealing with dust mite allergies

    May 29, 2019 · Trying to avoid exposure to dust mites is the best strategy for controlling dust mite allergy. But that's not always possible. While you can't completely eliminate dust mites from your home, you can significantly reduce them. Here's how: Use allergen-proof bed covers. Keep your mattress and pillows in dustproof or allergen-blocking covers.

    House dust mite allergen extract (subcutaneous route)

    It works by exposing the patient's immune system (immunotherapy) to dust mite allergens to reduce the symptoms of certain allergies. This medicine is to be given only by or under the direct supervision of your doctor.

    House dust mite allergen extract (sublingual route) - Mayo Clinic

    This medicine contains house dust mite allergen extract from . Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. It works by exposing the patient's immune system to house dust mite allergens to reduce the symptoms of hay fever.

    Allergy-proof your home - Mayo Clinic

    Hot, humid houses are breeding grounds for dust mites and mold. Maintain the temperature between 68 F (20 C) and 72 F (22 C) and keep relative humidity no higher than 50 percent. Clean or replace small-particle filters in central heating and cooling systems and in room air conditioners at least once a month.

    尘螨过敏 - 诊断与治疗 - 妙佑医疗国际 - Mayo Clinic

    Aug 29, 2022 · Zuiani C, et al. Update on house dust mite allergen avoidance measures for asthma. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 2020; doi:10.1007/s11882-020-00948-y. Allergy testing. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/library/allergy-library/allergy-testing. Accessed April 26, 2021.

    尘螨过敏 - 症状与病因 - 妙佑医疗国际 - Mayo Clinic

    Aug 29, 2022 · Zuiani C, et al. Update on house dust mite allergen avoidance measures for asthma. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. 2020; doi:10.1007/s11882-020-00948-y. Allergy testing. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/library/allergy-library/allergy-testing. Accessed April 26, 2021.

    Mayo Clinic Q and A: Reasons for developing allergies later in life …

    Jul 21, 2015 · This is in contrast with house dust mite allergen, which is considered perennial (present all year long) but has also shown seasonal variations based on ambient humidity. It’s not always clear why some people develop allergies later in life when they didn't have them before.

    Primary Care in Rochester and Kasson - Mayo Clinic Health System

    Aug 28, 2023 · Molds: They like to grow in damp, cool areas of the house. In the fall, piles of damp leaves are also an ideal place for mold to grow. Dust mites: These tiny bugs live in house dust. As we spend more time indoors in colder weather, we are exposed to more dust mites, which can worsen fall allergies. How can I treat my allergies?