list of wrongful convictions in the united states

      List of wrongful convictions in the United States GudangMovies21 Rebahinxxi LK21

      This list of wrongful convictions in the United States includes people who have been legally exonerated, including people whose convictions have been overturned or vacated, and who have not been retried because the charges were dismissed by the states. It also includes some historic cases of people who have not been formally exonerated (by a formal process such as has existed in the United States since the mid 20th century) but who historians believe are factually innocent. Generally, this means that research by historians has revealed original conditions of bias or extrajudicial actions that related to their convictions and/or executions.
      Crime descriptions marked with an asterisk indicate that the events were later determined not to be criminal acts. People who were wrongfully accused are sometimes never released.
      By August 2024, a total of 3,582 exonerations were mentioned in the National Registry of Exonerations. The total time these exonerated people spent in prison adds up to 31,900 years. Detailed data from 1989 regarding every known exoneration in the United States is listed. Data prior to 1989, however, is limited.


      Before 1900




      1900s




      1910s




      1920s




      1930s




      1940s




      1950s




      1960s




      1970s




      1980s




      1990s




      2000s




      2010s




      See also


      Capital punishment debate in the United States
      Capital punishment in the United States
      Innocent prisoner's dilemma
      List of exonerated death row inmates
      List of miscarriage of justice cases
      List of United States death row inmates
      List of women on death row in the United States
      Overturned convictions in the United States
      Race in the United States criminal justice system
      Wrongful executions in the United States


      Notes




      References




      Further reading


      Jed S. Rakoff, "Jailed by Bad Science", The New York Review of Books, vol. LXVI, no. 20 (19 December 2019), pp. 79–80, 85. According to Judge Rakoff (p. 85), "forensic techniques that in their origin were simply viewed as aids to police investigations have taken on an importance in the criminal justice system that they frequently cannot support. Their results are portrayed... as possessing a degree of validity and reliability that they simply do not have." Rakoff commends (p. 85) the U.S. National Academy of Sciences recommendation to "creat[e] an independent National Institute of Forensic Science to do the basic testing and promulgate the basic standards that would make forensic science much more genuinely scientific."


      External links


      The National Registry of Exonerations
      Exoneration profiles at Innocence Project

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    list of wrongful convictions in the united states