- Source: Anihilasionisme
Anihilasionisme (juga dikenal sebagai ekstinksionisme atau destruksionisme) adalah sebuah keyakinan bahwa setelah penghakiman terakhir, beberapa manusia dan seluruh malaikat jatuh (semuanya yang terkena hukuman kekal) akan secara bulat dihancurkan sampai bagaikan tak pernah ada, atau kesadaran mereka akan padam, alih-alih mengalami hukuman tak berkesudahan di neraka (sering kali disinonimisasikan dengan lautan api). Anihilasionisme sangat berkaitan dengan keabadian kondisional, gagasan bahwa jiwa manusia tidaklah abadi alih-alih diberi kehidupan abadi.
Referensi
Bacaan tambahan
Various doctrines about hell:
William Crockett, ed., Four Views on Hell
Edward Fudge and Robert Peterson, Two Views of Hell: A Biblical & Theological Dialogue. Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2000
Neusner, Jacob; Avery-Peck, Alan Jeffery (2000). Judaism in Late Antiquity: Part Four: Death, Life-After-Death, Resurrection and the World-To-Come in the Judaisms of Antiquity. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. hlm. 342. ISBN 978-90-04-11262-9.
Advocates of annihilationism:
Bacchiocchi, Samuele (1997). Immortality or Resurrection? A Biblical Study on Human Nature and Destiny (PDF). Berrien Springs, Michigan: Biblical Perspectives. ISBN 978-1-930987-12-8. OCLC 38849060.
Clark Pinnock, "The Destruction of the Finally Impenitent". Criswell Theological Review 4:2 (1990), p243–259. Reprinted in A Journal from the Radical Reformation 2:1 (Fall 1992), p4–21
Critics of annihilationism:
Stanley Grenz, "Directions: Is Hell Forever?" Christianity Today 42:11 (October 5, 1998), p?
Christopher W. Morgan and Robert A. Peterson, eds., Hell Under Fire: Modern Scholarship Reinvents Eternal Punishment. Zondervan, 2004; ISBN 0-310-24041-7, ISBN 978-0-310-24041-9
Robert A. Peterson, Hell on Trial: The Case for Eternal Punishment. P&R Publishing, 1995; ISBN 0-87552-372-2, ISBN 978-0-87552-372-9
Pranala luar
Supportive
RethinkingHell.com Exploring evangelical conditionalism
Afterlife.co.nz The Conditional Immortality Association of New Zealand Inc. is a non-profit organization established to promote a Biblical understanding of human nature, life, death and eternity as taught throughout Scripture.
Jewish not Greek Shows how Biblical hermeneutics proves "annihilationism" and not the Greek philosophical belief in innate immortality.
Critical
"Hell – Eternity of Hell" in Catholic Encyclopedia
Evangelicals and the Annihilation of Hell – Part 1, Part 2 by Alan W. Gomes. (Note the article incorrectly states Edward Fudge is from the Adventist tradition)
"Undying Worm, Unquenchable Fire" by Robert A. Peterson. Christianity Today 44:12 (October 23, 2000)
