• Source: Integrin alpha L

Integrin, alpha L (antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1; alpha polypeptide), also known as ITGAL, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ITGAL gene. CD11a functions in the immune system. It is involved in cellular adhesion and costimulatory signaling. It is the target of the drug efalizumab.




Function


ITGAL gene encodes the integrin alpha L chain. Integrins are heterodimeric integral membrane proteins composed of an alpha chain and a beta chain. This I-domain containing alpha integrin combines with the beta 2 chain (ITGB2) to form the integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), which is expressed in all leukocytes. LFA-1 plays a central role in leukocyte intercellular adhesion through interactions with its ligands, ICAMs 1-3 (intercellular adhesion molecules 1 through 3), and also functions in lymphocyte costimulatory signaling.
CD11a is one of the two components, along with CD18, which form lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1.
Efalizumab acts as an immunosuppressant by binding to CD11a but was withdrawn in 2009 because it was associated with severe side effects.




Interactions


CD11a has been shown to interact with ICAM-1.




See also


CD11c
integrin
leukocyte adhesion deficiency
Cluster of differentiation




References






Further reading






External links


CD11a+Antigen at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
ITGAL Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway Archived 2014-12-11 at the Wayback Machine
Human ITGAL genome location and ITGAL gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

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