• Source: Psychoactive cactus

Many cacti are known to be psychoactive, containing phenethylamine alkaloids such as mescaline. However, the two main ritualistic (folkloric) genera are Echinopsis, of which the most psychoactive species occur in the San Pedro cactus group (including Echinopsis pachanoi, syn. Trichocereus pachanoi, Echinopsis Peruviana, syn. Trichocereus peruvianus and Echinopsis lageniformis, syn. Trichocereus bridgesii), and Lophophora, with peyote (Lophophora williamsii) being the most psychoactive species. Several other species pertaining to other genera are also psychoactive, though not always used with a ritualistic intent.




Species






= Globular cacti

=
Lophophora williamsii (peyote)

Other "peyotes"

Ariocarpus fissuratus
Coryphantha compacta (syn. C. palmeri)
Pelecyphora aselliformis
Pelecyphora strobiliformis
Lophophora diffusa
Ariocarpus retusus
Ariocarpus agavoides; kotschoubeyanus; and other species
Astrophytum asterias; capricorne; myriostigma; and other species
Aztekium ritteri; and other species
Coryphantha elephantidens; macromeris (var. runyonii); palmeri; and other species
Echinocactus grandis; grusonii; platyacanthus; visnaga; and other species
Epithelantha micromeris; and other species
Leuchtenbergia principis'; and other species
Lophophora species
Mammillaria craigii; grahamii (var. oliviae); heyderi; (Dolichothele) longimamma; (Solisia) pectinifera; (Mamillopsis) senilis; sonorensis; and other species
Obregonia denegrii
Strombocactus disciformis
Turbinicarpus laui; lophophoroides; jauernigii; (Pelecyphora) pseudopectinatus; schmiedickeanus; and other species



Other

Other North American psychoactive and/or medicinal cacti.

Carnegiea gigantea
Echinocereus salm-dyckianus (var. scheeri); triglochidiatus; and other species
Pachycereus pecten-aboriginum; pringlei




= Arborescent and columnar cacti

=



Echinopsis

Echinopsis lageniformis (syn. Trichocereus bridgesii) (Bolivian torch cactus)
Echinopsis macrogona (syn. Trichocereus macrogonus), > 0.01-0.05% Mescaline
Echinopsis pasacana ssp. atacamensis
Echinopsis pachanoi (syn. Trichocereus pachanoi) (San Pedro cactus)
Echinopsis peruviana (syn. Trichocereus peruvianus) (Peruvian torch cactus)
Echinopsis scopulicola (syn. Trichocereus scopulicolus), 0.82% mescaline by dry weight in the outer green layer.
Echinopsis spachiana (syn. Trichocereus spachianus), Mescaline; Mescaline
Echinopsis tacaquirensis subsp. taquimbalensis (syn. Trichocereus taquimbalensis), > 0.005-0.025% mescaline
Echinopsis terscheckii (syn. Trichocereus terscheckii, Trichocereus werdemannianus) > 0.005-0.025% Mescaline; mescaline 0.01%-2.375%
Echinopsis valida (syn. E. validus), 0.025% mescaline
Echinopsis werdermannianus



Other

Other South American psychoactive and/or medicinal cacti

Austrocylindropuntia cylindrica (syn. Opuntia cylindrica), Mescaline
Armatocereus laetus
Browningia spp.
Cylindropuntia echinocarpa (syn. Opuntia echinocarpa), Mescaline 0.01%, DMPEA 0.01%, 4-hydroxy-3-5-dimethoxyphenethylamine 0.01%
Cylindropuntia spinosior (syn. Opuntia spinosior), Mescaline 0.00004%, 3-methoxytyramine 0.001%, tyramine 0.002%, 3-4-dimethoxyphenethylamine.
Epostoa lanata
Matucana madisoniorum
Neoraimondia macrostibas
Opuntia acanthocarpa Mescaline
Opuntia basilaris Mescaline 0.01%, plus 4-hydroxy-3-5-dimethoxyphenethylamine
Selenicereus grandiflorus
Stetsonia coryne




See also


Cactus alkaloids
Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record
List of Acacia species known to contain psychoactive alkaloids
List of plants used for smoking
List of psychoactive plants
List of psychoactive plants, fungi, and animals
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine
Psilocybin mushrooms




Traditional and Indigenous uses


Several world regions have historically used psychoactive cacti for their properties, particularly Indigenous peoples from North America and South America, such as in Mexico and the Andes region. Archaeological studies have found evidence of use going back two thousand years. In 2022, the Peruvian Ministry of Culture declared the traditional use of San Pedro cactus in northern Peru as cultural heritage. Lophophora williamsii (peyote) is used by the Native American Church (aka Peyotism).




= Legality

=




References/Sources






External links


Media related to Psychoactive cacti at Wikimedia Commons
www.cactus-mall.com

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Psychoactive cactus
• Legal status of psychoactive cacti by country
• Peyote
• Drug
• List of psychoactive plants
• List of psychoactive plants, fungi, and animals
• Entheogen
• Peyote song
• Empathogen
• Albert Hofmann