• Source: Rukun 13

Rukun 13 or Rukun Tiga Belas (The Thirteen Pillars) is a defunct Sarawakian organisation that existed from 1947 until 1950. Rukun 13 was a secret cell organisation, composed of nationalists, which carried out assassinations of officers of the British colonial government in Sarawak.




Formation


This organisation was officially formed at the end of 1947 in opposition to the Cession to the United Kingdom in Sarawak. At first, the organisation had planned to kill the British Governor Sir Charles Noble Arden-Clarke but the plan never came to fruition. After Sir Arden-Clarke was transferred to the Gold Coast colony he was succeeded by Duncan George Stewart.
The objective of the group is to establish a union with the newly independent Indonesia. However, the British decided to keep this information a secret so as not to blame the assassination on Indonesian nationalists and provoke a full-scale war with Indonesia.




Penalty and disestablishment


After Duncan Stewart was fatally wounded by Rosli Dhobi and later died in Singapore General Hospital, the British arrested all Rukun 13 members by March 1950. The 2 main members of Rukun 13, Rosli Dhobi and Awang Rambli were sentenced to death together with 2 other people, Bujang Suntong and Morshidi Sidek who were not Rukun 13 members. The rest of the Rukun 13 members were jailed.




List of Rukun 13 members


Rosli Dhobi
Awang Rambli Amit Mohd Deli
Abg Ahmad
Osman Dollah
Morni Junit
Jack Yusof
Awang Osman
Abg Han Abg Ahmad
Wan Zin
Che Alias Osman
Tambek Adun
Amin Jenal
Abg Mat Sirat




References



Haji Nasir Haji Sulaiman/Mary Tan Swee Ee/Ros Maria Chin, Pendekatan Diagramatik Sejarah PMR, Sasbadi Press ISBN 978-983-59-3275-5
Ramlah Binti Adam/Abdul Hakim Bin Samuri/Shakila Parween Binti Yacob/Muslimin Bin Fadzil, Sejarah Tingkatan 5, DBP ISBN 978-983-62-7883-8
A documentary of Rosli Dhobi (Malay)

Kata Kunci Pencarian:

• Salat
• Kaharingan
• Insiden 13 Mei
• Operasi Rukun
• Rukun Raharja
• Rukun Makmur, Pulau Rimau, Banyuasin
• Rosli Dhobi
• Syair Rukun Haji
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• Rukun Jaya, Natal, Mandailing Natal
• Rukun 13
• Rukun Negara
• Rosli Dhobi
• Crown Colony of Sarawak
• Anti-cession movement of Sarawak
• List of heads of state and government who were assassinated or executed
• December 4
• List of assassinations in Asia
• Timeline of Malaysian history
• Parti Kebangsaan Melayu Malaya